Question

A patient was brought to the hospital with fever, fatigue, bone pain, sore throat and bruising apparent in many places in her body. On examination, there was enlargement of the spleen and liver. What lab tests would you ask to be done? What are possible results that you expect to see in these lab results (if needed provide numbers)? What is the possible diagnosis according to your answer to question 2? How would the patient be treated according to your diagnosis? Could this illness have been prevented?

Answer 1

- Answer:- e from the physical examination of the above patient, the following lab tests are advised to diagnose the problem: - complete blood court tests to detect the abnormal cells, their count and presence of any immature blood cells in the blood etc. Were screened, frother bone marrow aspiration and biopsy ase suggested. for further confirmation other tests like flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, chest x-ray and computed tomography scan are done to determine the enlargement of lymph nodes and for thymus, - from the preliminary examination, it seems like a case of Leukemia , hence the results likely to be expected are high white blood cell count, abnormal blood cells, and Lymphoblasts. - Blood smear analysis shows abnormalifies like hypogranular neupobphils, increased nuclear -Bone Marow biopsy would likely to show. more reficulin, fine fibrous nefibook, diffuse infiltration of proliferative cells, more number of blasts and - Immunohistochemistry, Dould enable us to know the likely profeins involved in the leukemia, chest Xuray/CT scan shows the extent of 'enkerogement of thymus lymph nodes, - Lumbar puncture test is also employed to see the presence of leukemia cello in aspinnay fluid. excrescences, and

1 * - from the signs, symptoms and the laborotooy tests, most likely diagnosis would be Leukemia. - To be more precise and clith defailed lab tesk, it would be possibly Acute Lymphoblastic leukemia, os it is the most common childhood blood cancers, - The treafment objective is to destroy the leukemie cells and restore bone marrow function by chemotherapy (and bone marrow transplantation- Only in some cases) Methotrexate administration and maintenance treatment with steroids is advised im Acute lymphoblastic leukemia: - Chemotherapy is sometimes followed by bone marronce transplantation. - Central nervous system Radiotherapy, is given if lumbar pumefurre result showed leukemic cells in spins al fluids.