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Close 120% When testing kin-selection theory, we use this holistic measure of an organisms survival and reproductive benefit
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Large number of offsprings raised per breeding about the group

The life history of a species is the pattern of survival and reproduction events typical for a member of the species (essentially, its lifecycle).

Life history patterns evolve by natural selection, and they represent an "optimization" of tradeoffs between growth, survival, and reproduction.

One tradeoff is between number of offspring produced and the amount of energy (both physical resources and parental care) put into each offspring.

Timing of first reproduction is another tradeoff. Early reproduction lowers the chance of dying without offspring, but later reproduction may allow organisms to have more or healthier offspring or to provide better care.

Members of some species reproduce only once (semelparity), while members of other species can reproduce multiple times (iteroparity).

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