Question

What is meant by the term heritability?

1. Heritability refers to the degree to which observed phenotypic variation for a given trait is inherited.

2. Heritability is the process of choosing specific individuals with preferred phenotypes from an initially heterogeneous population for future breeding purposes.

3. Heritability refers to a quantitative range generated at fertilization within which a particular individual can fall.

4. Heritability is a continuous variation across a range of phenotypes in generations.

What functional information about a genome can be determined through applications of chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)?

ChIP analysis allows geneticists to assess the relationships between DNADNA and DNADNA-binding proteins.

ChIP analysis allows geneticists to find out regions of DNADNA connected with proteins.

ChIP analysis allows geneticists to assess the sequences of genes regulated by transcription factors.

ChIP analysis allows geneticists to find out silenced DNADNA genes.

Answer 1

Q1: What is meant by the term heritability?

A1: The correct option is 1 “Heritability refers to the degree to which observed phenotypic variation for a given trait is inherited”. Why is that? Because:

Option 2 refers to artificial selection; Option 3 refers to quantitative trait loci (genes that their phenotype effects aren’t discrete); Option 4 refers to penetrance.

Q2: What functional information about a genome can be determined through applications of chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)?

A2: The correct options are option 1 and option 2, why is that? Let me explain you:

Option 1: “ChIP analysis allows geneticists to assess the relationships between DNADNA and DNADNA-binding proteins (D2BP)” the D2BP are proteins that when bound to DNA can recruit the chromatin-remodeling complex or the histone methylase/demethylase complexes having a positive or negative effect in the transcription of genes.

Option 2: “ChIP analysis allows geneticists to find out regions of DNADNA connected with proteins” because these proteins whose are a lot of time connected to DNA are called histones and they form with DNA ribonucleoprotein complexes called nucleosomes that regulate transcription activity of genes.