Question

1

What is an imprinted gene?

Select one:

a. A gene that is found on a Barr body

b. A gene that is silenced upon inheritance from a designated parent

c. A gene that is inherited from only one parent

d. A gene that is encoded on only one of the two copies of a chromosome

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a typical characteristic of cancer?

Select one:

a. Malignant cancers are typically not able to metastasize

b. Cancer cells tend to be poorly differentiated

c. Cancer cells often express telomerase

d. Cancers tend to have increased expression of oncogenes

e. Cancers tend to have loss-of-function mutations in tumor suppressor genes

Question 3

You notice that a small, isolated community has a much lower risk of developing cancer than the national average. Would your study only focus on the individuals in this community?

Select one:

a. No, since you need to compare the genomes of these individuals to those who do not live in the community and have a lower risk of developing cancer

b. Yes, since you can refer to the reference genome from the Human Genome Project

c. Yes, since you wish to see what portions of their genome are similar or identical

d. No, since you need to look at the similarities and differences of the genomes of those in this community, and compare this to the similarities and differences of the genomes of those who do not live in this community

Question 4

What do carcinogens and teratogens have in common?

Select one:

a. They cause a decrease in apoptosis

b. They cause birth defects

c. They alter nucleotides or nucleotide expression

d. They cause uncontrolled cell growth

Question 5

In what physiological structure is an embryo located when it becomes “a fetus”?

Select one:

a. The trophoblast

b. The ovaries

c. The uterus

d. The vgina

e. The Fallopian tube

Question 6

What do Hox proteins and Bicoid have in common?

Select one:

a. They are produced in a gradient across the embryo

b. They are transcription factors that regulate many different genes

c. They are located in clusters that are next to one another within the genome

d. They are identical between humans and fruit flies, such that you can swap the gene of one organism for the gene of the other, and normal biological development will occur

Question 7

What is the goal of genome annotation?

Select one:

a. Locate all genes and understand their role for a genome

b. Distinguish exons from introns within the genome

c. Locate euchromatin regions of the genome

d. Locate all genes within the genome

Question 8

What is one of the most common consequences of IVF-initiated pregnancies?

Select one:

a. Trisomy of chromosome 21

b. Embryos do not develop properly due to insufficient uterine environment

c. There are multiple births (twins, triplets, etc.)

d. The mother suffers fatal harm during delivery

Question 9

What is the biggest difference between an Amniocentesis and PGD?

Select one:

a. PGD allows detection of disease or chromosomal aberrations before blastocyst implantation

b. PGD allows for sequencing of the embryo’s genome

c. PGD is done early enough that the pregnancy can be terminated

d. PGD cannot be used for karyotyping

Question 10

The gene pool is best defined as:

Select one:

a. the genetic information passed from generation to generation

b. the amount of genetic variation contained in a population

c. the number of heterozygous loci in a population

d. the set of genetic information carried by a population

e. the genetic information contained in the species

Answer 1

1. The imprinted genes are the genes that are inherited from the parents and their expression is dependent on the parent gene from which it is inherited. It has two alleles from both te parent but the expression will be only present from the one parent. This process is called genome imprinting.

The answer is C.

2. The cancer is a disorder in which normal cells have grown abnormally without any restrictions. These cels just divide and form the tumor in the body. It can be malignant and have the metastatic property. Cancer cells tend to be poorly differentiated. Telomeres are essential for cancer cell survival.  Cancers tend to have increased expression of oncogenes and have loss of function of tumor suppressor genes.

The answer is A.