Question

Answer all of these questions in very great detail. 1- Describe the principles of the following experiments: Griffith's Transformation Experiment; Avery's Transformation Experiment; Hershey and Chase's Bacteriophage Experiment. 2- What are the characteristics of DNA according to Watson and Crick Model?

Answer 1

Us. string.g the bacteriam. Diplococcus Phey monial, w trùlent Transformation. He can and called the phenomenon. Ans - Goiffith expeńments prindpal Griffith performed trem pórmation expht with two dif Strains, which causes pneumenia. 9. Certain tertebrates (such as mice; human) and .avinilent strains which do not cause pneumonia. The differene 10 milence is related to the polysaccharide capsule of the bacterium. Vinulent strains - have this capsule, whereas avirulent strins do not Griffith performed Expert with two dift. strains I Rand serotyee morphology capsule Uisulence IR Roush int Anirulent IS smooth tnt virulent anffith Injected the different strains go bacteria into mice. The Is 'strain; Killed the mice" the FIR-strain did not. He further noted that if the heat killed 105 strain was injected into a mouse, it didnot. Cause pneumana. when her.combined heat killed mus' Usth live IR and injected the mixture into a mouse that the mouse developed pneumonia and died. Live IIR-strän (Non-uinient, non capsulated) → Injected into mowe + moure sun'sues Lives. I sestrin Injected into mouse + nowe dier (Vimdent-capsulated * Injected'ingo moure + moure Heat killed its-stein Susives Heat killed its frain Injected into mouse mouse dier. and live Ir-spain Griffith concluded that the heat Zilled its bacteria were responsible for converting Lue avirulent IR Cells into Vinulent · TIS could be passed from the dead Its cells to IR The Genetic informations which cells. The transforming principle. ones

Averya: Macleod - mc Carthy Experiment. oswald Auery revisited Ariffith. expht and concluded that townsforming Material was · DNA not ptos. or RMA. There investigators found. That DNA Extructed Visulent strain g The bacterium streptococcur. pneunoniae, also known pheumococcus, genetically transformed an avirulent strain f this organism a visulent form. from a into Tipe IIR Type : R Lells Tupe IIR cells Tupe R cells + 7 cells t Tupes:IR cells Tepe fiets. DMA Types TIS DMA Types US DMA Type LES DIA Extract Extract +Draase Expact thouse Extract + proteque si 1 no Transformato Tiempomas No transformas Transformers Transformats Auery half shown that only DrA Extracts from s-cells caused Transformation or cells to s To demonstrate that contaminating note. in The DNA Extract were not responsible for Tromsformation, the DNA Extract from s cells was treated with RMA ase, Dr Aase ; and protease mixed with R cells. cells. and Then

Harshy and Chase Experiment 3p. DNA- facilisashvity Very Toro Padbachnidy -Mulei? Acid -capsid Generation Tz-phagof is poojen coat Radioochisty Hüsh The Harthy and Chase Experiment they are identiteed Radioafisty. DNA to be the genetic materiaal of phages. Aphase is a Virus That infect bactesa. It consist g protein coat that enclosed. The as Dreata since phages consist only g. nucleic acid surrounded by protein's They lead themselves nicely to the determinath. grethes The pts.or The Macleic acid is The jene hic material. They are use radicalive - jsutops.g sulphur and phosphores to keep separate track g The urral.pth and Huller aids during the infection process. They used. The Tz Bactons ophager and the bactena e. coli. The phages labeled by having them infeet bacteria growing in Celture medium containing the radio active isotops as or sp Hasshy and chase the proceedod to. Identify'. The material injected into the cell by phages attached to The bacterial - wall- Since the DNA is responsible for the production of The new phages cleaning. The injection process, The DNA not the protein, must be the genoh? material.

2 Ans Watson- Crick of DMA. Deoxyribose Hucleic Aid (DNA) is a double-spanded helical molecule: It consi87 g. two sugar phosphate backbones on the outside - held together by hydrogen bonds between pairs og Mitrogenous bases on the inside. plz send your Que in passo if you can lernt to sowe your Questions.