Question

QUESTION 18 Convection in the mantle of the Earth is responsible for which of these phenomena? The slowing of the Earth's rotation. Earth's magnetic field. Tsunamis Continental drift. QUESTION 19 Venus and Earth have many volcanoes, however the causes for those volcanoes are different. Hot mantle material can push its way through the crust to form shield volcanoes; or plate tectonics can push crust plates under other plates, providing pressure and friction to form composite volcanoes. if volcanoes are caused by plate tectonics, they should form in lines along boundaries between plates. If volcanoes are caused by mantle plumes, they should be arranged randomly. Determine the arrangement of volcanoes on this map of Venus (where every mark is a volcano) and this map of Earth (where volcanoes are marked in red), and then decide how to fill in the blanks in the following sentence: Venus' volcanoes are more likely caused by ____ and Earth's volcanoes are more likely caused by If you want to learn more about these different kinds of volcanoes, you can watch the following videos • Video about plate tectonics and mantle plume volcanoes (mainly from time 19:10 to 24:30) • Video about plate tectonics causing volcanoes (1 min) plate tectonics, plate tectonics mantle plumes, mantle plumes plate tectonics, mantle plumes mantle plumes, plate tectonics QUESTION 20 Which of the following is the most likely source of the excess heat radiated by Saturn? Solar radiation. Planet contraction. Magnetic fields. Falling helium. Nuclear fusion.

Answer 1

The convection current in the mantle of the earth subsurface (precisely the asthenosphere) provides the drag force on the lithospheric plates and therefore these plates move which causes he drifting of continents and therefore the correct option is last option that’s continental drift.

The surface of Venus shows no sign of plate tectonics like the subduction zone, mid oceanic ridges, trenches, zig saw fitting of continents and therefore the volcanoes in Venus are caused by mantle plumes and this can also be justified by the random pattern of volcanoes on Venus while the volcanoes on earth are mostly arranged around the plate boundaries and hence they are caused by plate tectonics and therefore the correct option is again the last option that’s mantle plume and plate tectonics.

The falling/precipitation of Helium into the core of Saturn is the cause of excess heat that’s radiated by the Saturn and therefore the correct option is option fourth that’s falling helium.