Question

volcano islands that form over mantle plumes, such as the Hawaiian chain , are home to some of Earth's largest volcanoes . However , several volcanoes on Mars are gigantic compared to any on Earth. what does this difference tell us about the role of plate motion in shaping the Martian surface?

Answer 1

The Martian volcanoes are bigger than Earth's. There are two reasons that can justify this,

1) Mars has lower gravity than the earth. That's why the magma gets an buoyant force, for which that become bigger.

2) Unlike earth, Mars don't have plate tectonic activities. We know mantle plume activity what make these type of hot-spots are stationary stops. As they are stationary and the plate moves over it, this makes the formation of chain of islands. The plate moves because of the plate tectonic activity, which is present on earth but not present on Mars. As the plate don't move there on Mars, so instead of forming chain of islands they form a bigger volcano on that same location. That's why Martian volcanoes are bigger.