Question

How is the coulomb interactions between two electrons affected when the electionary are drawn in toward the nucleus

Answer 1

if electrons are added to the atom then it forms negative ion & if electron are removed from the atom then positive ion is formed.

in case of negative ion repulsion forces increases betweeen electron & in case of positive ion formation repulsion forces between electrons decraes according to coulomb's law

Answer 2

The picture of electrons "orbiting" the nucleus like planets around the Sun remains an enduring one, not only in popular images of the atom but also in the minds of many of us who know better. The proposal, first made in 1913, that the centrifugal force of the revolving electron just exactly balances the attractive force of the nucleus (in analogy with the centrifugal force of the moon in its orbit exactly counteracting the pull of the Earth's gravity) is a nice picture, but is simply untenable: an electron, unlike a planet or a satellite, is electrically charged, and it has been known since the mid-19th century that an electric charge that undergoes acceleration (changes velocity and direction) will emit electromagnetic radiation, losing energy in the process. A revolving electron would transform the atom into a miniature radio station, the energy output of which would be at the cost of the potential energy of the electron; according to classical mechanics, the electron would simply spiral into the nucleus and the atom would collapse.

The Heisenberg "uncertainty" principle (a more descriptive term would be "indeterminancy"), developed in the 1920's, rescues the atom from this fate, and provides a much clearer understanding of why the electron does not fall into the nucleus. The Heisenberg principle says that either the location or the momentum (energy) of a quantum particle such as the electron can be known as precisely as desired, but as one of these quantities is specified more precisely, the value of the other becomes increasingly indeterminate. It is important to understand that this is not simply a matter of observational difficulty, but rather a fundamental property of nature.

To understand the implications of this restriction, suppose we place an electron in a tiny box. The walls of the box define the precision with which the location of the electron can be specified; the smaller the box, the more exactly do we know its location. But as we make the box smaller and smaller, the energy of the electron will span a wider range of values, including increasingly larger ones that may occasionally allow the electron to penetrate the walls of the box and escape (this phenomenon is known as "tunnelling".)



The region of space near the nucleus can be thought of as a very small funnel-shaped box, the walls of which correspond to the electrostatic attraction by the positive charge of the nucleus on the electron. As the electron is drawn in toward the nucleus, the electrostatic attraction increases rapidly, causing the effective size of the box to decrease. But because the location of the electron is more precisely specified, its energy becomes less determinate, which essentially means that it increases. The energy thus gained is in the form of kinetic energy (sometimes called "confinement energy" in this context), and this more than compensates for the fall in the potential energy of the electron as it approaches the nucleus. The region of space where the electron is most likely to be found (the orbital) essentially "floats" at a location at which the potential energy and confinement energy exactly balance.

Answer 3

Nucleus The Person of Christ 1st shell Holy Orders 2nd shell Confirmation ard shell - Baptism 3rd shell

Gravitational attraction between two electrons is:
Fgrav = G m^2 / r^2

Electrostatic repulsion between two electrons is:
Felec = k q^2 / r^2