Question

1. Assume ideal flow from reservoir A to reservoir B. The pipe from reservoir A to the turbine is a constant diameter. Sketch the HGL and EGL as accurate as possible. Indicate on the sketch where the minimum and maximum pressures are. pomp TJ TOEBE Match the correct Key term with the correct Definition Key Terms Bernoulli Equation Cavitation Continuity Equation Elevation Head Energy Grade Line Definitions Nothing changes with time, velocity is constant Most used and abused equation in fluid mechanics; is constant along a streamline The potential energy of the particle; the z term in feet or meters Represents a column height of fluid; the P/y term in feet or meters Represents the vertical distance needed for the fluid to fall freely to obtain a corresponding velocity; the V/2g in feet or meters Represents the conversion of all of the kinetic energy into a pressure rise Conservation of Mass, inflow rate equals the outflow rate A dangerous condition when the liquid pressure is reduced to the vapor pressure allowing the fluid to boil A graphical form of the Bernoulli equation; represents the piezometric head (P/y+z) A graphical form of the Bernoulli equation; represents the total energy/head available to the fluid Hydraulic Grade Line Pressure Head Stagnation Pressure Steady Flow Velocity Head

Answer 1

First thing first,

Pressure will be maximum at the pump since pump aids the pressure term (velocity is constant and elevation is same at the pump), and pressure is minimum at the turbine (same reason as the pump's).

let us look into the TOTAL ENERGY LINE AND HYDRAULIC GRADIENT LINE which differs by the term of velocity head which is constant sine it is a pipe flow. Hence HGL and EGL are two parallel lines.

further,

Given, Pipe Dio is uniform & flow ideal le no losses one considerd. is 1 Pump Turbine Total Energy Cosade Line fall in Energylevet due to turbine (Prin Here) IR Risein (be Increase Energy is counted as I due to pressure increase Eng ! pump Hence, Piman@ e du fall in Energy level que to turbine is more than Rise in Energy level due to pump (Evident from resevior watch loved on 2 si seline Note - Hydraulic Grade line -LEAL K Rise in Pressure Head que to pump Pressune Head que to turbine (Amin treatine) (Pman @ Pump) . Since, Velouty remains Constant throughout Hal is a line parallel to eal with difference of v2 only which is constant. Also fall in Pressine Head due to turbine is more than Roenn fressume Head due to pump water Tas evident from Rosarior Loud 28

key terms Bernoullis Eqh corresponding match. fluid mechanks Most used eqh in streamline, It is constant along a stream line Caritation → Dangerow situation when liquid pressure, is reduced to Vapour pressure. allowing fluid to boil Continuity Equn conservation of Mass, Inflow rafe = outflow rate. the Elevation Head → a Represent the partide, z term in potential energy of feet or meters. Energy Grad Line A graphical form of the Bernoulli's Eqh. represents the total energylhead available to fuld. Hydraulic Grad line f graphical representation of Bernoulli's en representing Rezometric head (L +2) I pressure Head → Represents column height of fluidi & team. o steady flow → Nothing changes with time, velouty constant velocity Head Represents vertical distance needed by fluid to fall freely to obtain corresponding velocity the ve term in feet or meter. Stagnation Pressure the Represents the conversion of all kinetic Energy info pressure rise.

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