Question

How does e-learning affect society? Cite 1 important rule of "Netiquette" According to the presentation on Art and Technology, can computers be considered artists? What is a "Copyright"? What is an ethical use of Darkcomnet? What is a white hat hacker?

Answer 1

1. E-Learning Affect Society: The most affected impacts of education on society is improved health, the post-primary education has shown to have include reducing poverty, delaying marriage of girls, and increasing decision making power. Secondary education plays a crucial role in preparing for a life-long learning perspective. The education provided by these secondary schools however, may not be accessible to all segments of society or all regions of a country. Access to e-learning has been found to reflect this access to education and to ICT generally in the wider society. Research has shown that a gap in access to ICT exists between countries, and an even larger gap exists within countries between urban and rural areas, between men and women, and between rich and poor. This has been termed the digital divide, defined as the gaps between those with regular, effective access to digital technologies, in particular the internet, and those without.

In the developing countries expanding e-learning may lead to two opposing outcomes, it can either widen these existing inequalities in access to ICT and education, or it can reduce inequalities by providing information and educational opportunities that would otherwise not be available. The second outcome ensuring requires of understanding the current distribution of access to education, ICT and other technologies, and the reasons for the inequitable distribution.

[Reference: An Analysis of e-Learning Impacts & Best Practices in Developing Countries]

2. Core Rules of Netiquette: Netiquette, the network etiquette is concerned the proper way to communicate in online environment and consider the following rules, adapted from Virginia Shea's The Core Rules of Netiquette, when communicating in the virtual world.

Rule 1: Remember the Human

Rule 2: Adhere to the same standards of behavior online that you follow in real life

Rule 3: Know where you are in cyberspace

Rule 4: Respect other people's time and bandwidth

Rule 5: Make yourself look good online

Rule 6: Share expert knowledge

Rule 7: Help keep flame wars under control

Rule 8: Respect other people's privacy

Rule 9: Don't abuse your power

Rule 10: Be forgiving of other people's mistakes

[Reference: The Core Rules of Netiquette Shea, V. (1994). Core rules of netiquette.]

3. Can Computers be Considered as Artist: The computer is simply a tool that offers artists new resources and opportunities for reaching the public, it is human creativity that makes art and still one can only imagine how the critics would have responded to the idea that something as playful, unpretentious and widely popular as a computer game might be considered art.

4. Copyright: A branch of law grants authors (writers, musicians, artists and other creators) protection over their works and such protection consists in providing authors with ownership or property rights (or exploitation rights), which take into account their material interests. Under copyright, authors are entitled to protection against unauthorized use of their works as well as to a possible share in any earnings from its use by the public.

However, copyright laws may also provide protection for another set of interests, of a more personal nature, which are commonly called the ‘moral rights’ of authors. These rights allow the authors to claim authorship in their works as well as respect for their integrity.

[Reference: The ABC of Copyright]

5. DarkComet: it is a Remote Administration Tool (RAT), developed by Jean-Pierre Lesueur, it is also known as DarkCoderSc, an independent programmer and computer security coder.

The DarkComet allows the user to control the system with Graphical User Interface (GUI) and it has many features that allow to use it as administrative remote help tool, however the DarkComet has many features it can be used maliciously and the DarkComet is commonly used to spy on the victims by taking screen captures, key-logging, or password cracking.

6. White Hat Hacker: The white hat hacker is a computer security specialist which breaks into protected systems and networks to test and asses their security and it use the skills to improve security by exposing vulnerabilities before malicious hackers can detect and exploit them. The methods used are similar to those employed by malicious hackers. The white hat hackers have permission to employ them against the organization that has hired them.