Question

HI PLEASE EXPLAIN IN DETAIL THE SYNAX FOR HOW TO DECLARE REFERENCES IN C++, HOW TO USE ONE, AND HOW REFERENCES ARE USED WITH FUNCTIONS IN C++, EXPLAIN SO BASIC STUDENT UNDERSTAND. THANKS!

References in C++

•   Know how to declare one

•   Know how to use one

•   Know how they are used with functions

Answer 1

Reference:

A reference variable is, another name for an already existing variable. Once a reference is initialized with a variable, either the variable name or the reference name may be used to refer to that variable.

you can access the contents of the variable through either the original variable name or the reference.

Declaration of reference variable:

                 int n=10;

                 int& t=10;

                 Here “t” is an integer reference variable initialized to “i”.

Example Program:

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main () {

   // declare simple variables

   int    n;

   double d;

    // declare reference variables

   int&    t = n;

   double& p = d;

      n = 10;

   cout << "Value of i : " << n << endl;

   cout << "Value of i reference : " << t << endl;

    d = 89.99;

   cout << "Value of d : " << d << endl;

   cout << "Value of d reference : " << p << endl;

return 0;

}

References are usually used for function argument lists and function return values.            passing references as function parameter more safely than parameters.   

Example for functions taking References Parameters:

void swap (int& first, int& second)

{

        int temp = first;

        first = second;

        second = temp;

}    

           

C shell #include iostream» 2 using namespace std; 3int main ) 4 // declare simple variables int n; double d; /I declare reference variables int& t n; double& p = d; 7 10 cout << "Value of i : " << n << endl; cout << "Value of i reference :"<< t << endl; 12 13 14 15 16 return ; 17 d89.99; cout << "Value of d:"<<d<< endl; cout << "Value of d reference "< p << endl; Get URL options compilation execution Value of i : 10 Value of i reference 10 Value of d:89.99 Value of d reference89.99