Question

The components of a hybrid powertrain are shown in Figure Q3(a) in a random order. M w PE B power electronics battery RG ICE с internal combustion engine reduction gear clutch Fuel I + fuel supply (a) Figure Q3(a), Hybrid powertrain components Rearrange and connect ALL of the components shown in Figure Q3(a) into a PARALLEL hybrid electric powertrain, representing components as labelled boxes (use the abbreviations provided in Figure Q3). Connections between components are to be indicated by arrows, with the arrow-head pointing in the direction(s) power can flow (it may flow ways). (6 marks) (b) Are there other possible solutions (using exactly the same components)? If so, how do they differ from the one drawn in Q3(a)? (4 marks) (c) Name and explain the TWO ways by which the additional electric components allow a hybrid (of any configuration) to reduce fuel consumption compared to a conventional vehicle. (4 marks) A vehicle with the hybrid configuration shown in Figure Q3(d) is travelling at a constant velocity of on a motorway for a distance of.

Answer 1

Answer a

The following figure shows the parallel hybrid vehicle

dutc combining gear Transmission fuel ICE Wheel power Electronic Motar Battery

Answer c

In an HEV, the extra power provided by the electric motor may allow for a smaller engine. The battery can also power auxiliary loads and reduce engine idling when the vehicle is stopped. Together, these features result in better fuel economy without sacrificing performance.

HEVs can be either mild or full hybrids, and full hybrids can be designed in series or parallel configurations.

Mild hybrids—also called micro hybrids—use a battery and electric motor to help power the vehicle and can allow the engine to shut off when the vehicle stops (such as at traffic lights or in stop-and-go traffic), further improving fuel economy. Mild hybrid systems cannot power the vehicle using electricity alone. These vehicles generally cost less than full hybrids but provide less fuel economy benefit than full hybrids.

Full hybrids have larger batteries and more powerful electric motors, which can power the vehicle for short distances and at low speeds. These vehicles cost more than mild hybrids but provide better fuel economy benefits.

There are different ways to combine the power from the electric motor and the engine. Parallel hybrids—the most common HEV design—connect the engine and the electric motor to the wheels through mechanical coupling. Both the electric motor and the internal combustion engine drive the wheels directly. Series hybrids, which use only the electric motor to drive the wheels