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Problem 4: Suppose A = (ai)nxn is a symmetric matrix (i.e. the transpose of A agrees...
a12 an a2n a21 a22 Problem 2. Given an n x n matrix A = we define the trace of A, denoted : апn an2 anl tr(A), by n tr(...
a12 an a2n a21 a22 Problem 2. Given an n x n matrix A = we define the trace of A, denoted : апn an2 anl tr(A), by n tr(A) = aii a11 +:::+ann- i=1 (a) Prove that, for every n x m matrix A and for every m x n matrix B, it is the case that tr(AB) 3D tr(ВА). tr(A subspace V C R". Prove that norm (b) Let (c) Let P be the matrix of an orthogonal...
a) suppose that the nxn matrix A has its n eigenvalues arranged in decreasing order of absolute size, so that >>....
a) suppose that the nxn matrix A has its n eigenvalues arranged
in decreasing order of absolute size, so that >>....
each eigenvalue has its corresponding eigenvector, x1,x2,...,xn.
suppose we make some initial guess y(0) for an eigenvector.
suppose, too, that y(0) can be written in terms of the actual
eigenvectors in the form y(0)=alpha1.x1 +alpha2.x2
+...+alpha(n).x(n), where alpha1, alpha2, alpha(n) are constants.
by considering the "power method" type iteration y(k+1)=Ay(k) argue
that (see attached image)
b) from an nxn...
A real symmetric matrix B e Rnxn (i.e. BT = B) is said to be positive...
A real symmetric matrix B e Rnxn (i.e. BT = B) is said to be positive definite if all of its eigenvalues 11, 12, ..., In are positive. (Recall that is an eigenvalue of B if and only if there exits a nonzero vector t such that Bt = it). Show that B-1 is also positive definite. That is, you need to show that all the eigenvalues of B-1 are also positive. (Hint: consider equation Bt; = liti for all...
Suppose we have a quantum system with N eigenstates. Then we know the eigenstates can be...
Suppose we have a quantum system with N eigenstates. Then we know the eigenstates can be expressed as vectors, and operators can be represented by N × N matrices (a) Prove that (A)(A)where At is the transpose conjugate of matrix A. Here, A is not required to be Hermitian operator (Hint: express A and) in matrix and vector form. Use matrix calculation to show that (Αψ|U) is the same as 1Atlp.) (b) Prove that (ΑΒψ|U)-(ψ1BtAtlp). Á and B are not...
(a) Suppose we want to solve the linear vector-matrix equation Ax b for the vector x. Show that the Gauss elimination algorithm may be written bAbm,B where m 1, This process produces a matrix equa...
(a) Suppose we want to solve the linear vector-matrix equation Ax b for the vector x. Show that the Gauss elimination algorithm may be written bAbm,B where m 1, This process produces a matrix equation of the form Ux = g , in which matrix U is an upper-triangular matrix. Show that the solution vector x may be obtained by a back-substitution algorithm, in the form Jekel (b) Iterative methods for solving Ax-b work by splitting matrix A into two...
1. If the ax matrix A has eigenvalues ....., what are the eigenvalues of a) 4*,...
1. If the ax matrix A has eigenvalues ....., what are the eigenvalues of a) 4*, where & is a positive integer. AE? A ' b) ', assuming the inverse matrix exists. c) A' (transpose of ). d) a, where a is a real number. e) Is there any relationship between the eigenvalues of 'A and those of the A matrix? Hint: Use to justify your answer. 2. Compute the spectral norm of 0 0 b) c) c) 1-1 0...
Problem 5 (a) Let A be an n × m matrix, and suppose that there exists a m × n matrix B such that BA = 1- (i) Let b є Rn be such that the system of equations Ax b has at least one solution. Prove that...
Problem 5 (a) Let A be an n × m matrix, and suppose that there exists a m × n matrix B such that BA = 1- (i) Let b є Rn be such that the system of equations Ax b has at least one solution. Prove that this solution must be unique. (ii) Must it be the case that the system of equations Ax = b has a solution for every b? Prove or provide a counterexample. (b) Let...
Problem 8: (11 total points) Suppose that B is a nx n matrix of the form...
Problem 8: (11 total points) Suppose that B is a nx n matrix of the form B = Viv] + v2v + V3v3, where V1, V2, V3 € R”, n > 3 are nonzero column vector and are orthogonal. a) Show that B is a positive semidefinite matrix. b) Under which condition, B will be a positive definite matrix? c) Let A be 3x3 real symmetric matrix with eigenvalues 11 > 12 > 13. Let F be a positive definite...
Problem 4. Let A, B e Rmxn. We say that A is equivalent to B if there exist an invertible m x m n x n matrix Q such tha...
Problem 4. Let A, B e Rmxn. We say that A is equivalent to B if there exist an invertible m x m n x n matrix Q such that PAQ = B. matrix P and an invertible (a) Prove that the relation "A is equivalent to B" is reflexive, symmetric, and transitive; i.e., prove that: (i) for all A E Rmx", A is equivalent to A; (ii) for all A, B e Rmxn, if A is equivalent to B...
Matrix operations 22. Suppose you are given a matrix of the form cos(() - sin(0) R(0)...
Matrix operations 22. Suppose you are given a matrix of the form cos(() - sin(0) R(0) = sin() cos(0) Consider now the unit vector v = [1,0)" in a two dimensional plane. Compute R(O)v. Repeat your computations this time using w = [0, 1]". What do you observe? Try thinking in terms of pictures, look at the pair of vectors before and after the action of R(O). 23. You may have recognised the two vectors in the previous question to...
a12 an a2n a21 a22 Problem 2. Given an n x n matrix A = we define the trace of A, denoted : апn an2 anl tr(A), by n tr(A) = aii a11 +:::+ann- i=1 (a) Prove that, for every n x m matrix A and for every m x n matrix B, it is the case that tr(AB) 3D tr(ВА). tr(A subspace V C R". Prove that norm (b) Let (c) Let P be the matrix of an orthogonal...
a) suppose that the nxn matrix A has its n eigenvalues arranged
in decreasing order of absolute size, so that >>....
each eigenvalue has its corresponding eigenvector, x1,x2,...,xn.
suppose we make some initial guess y(0) for an eigenvector.
suppose, too, that y(0) can be written in terms of the actual
eigenvectors in the form y(0)=alpha1.x1 +alpha2.x2
+...+alpha(n).x(n), where alpha1, alpha2, alpha(n) are constants.
by considering the "power method" type iteration y(k+1)=Ay(k) argue
that (see attached image)
b) from an nxn...
A real symmetric matrix B e Rnxn (i.e. BT = B) is said to be positive definite if all of its eigenvalues 11, 12, ..., In are positive. (Recall that is an eigenvalue of B if and only if there exits a nonzero vector t such that Bt = it). Show that B-1 is also positive definite. That is, you need to show that all the eigenvalues of B-1 are also positive. (Hint: consider equation Bt; = liti for all...
Suppose we have a quantum system with N eigenstates. Then we know the eigenstates can be expressed as vectors, and operators can be represented by N × N matrices (a) Prove that (A)(A)where At is the transpose conjugate of matrix A. Here, A is not required to be Hermitian operator (Hint: express A and) in matrix and vector form. Use matrix calculation to show that (Αψ|U) is the same as 1Atlp.) (b) Prove that (ΑΒψ|U)-(ψ1BtAtlp). Á and B are not...
(a) Suppose we want to solve the linear vector-matrix equation Ax b for the vector x. Show that the Gauss elimination algorithm may be written bAbm,B where m 1, This process produces a matrix equation of the form Ux = g , in which matrix U is an upper-triangular matrix. Show that the solution vector x may be obtained by a back-substitution algorithm, in the form Jekel (b) Iterative methods for solving Ax-b work by splitting matrix A into two...
1. If the ax matrix A has eigenvalues ....., what are the eigenvalues of a) 4*, where & is a positive integer. AE? A ' b) ', assuming the inverse matrix exists. c) A' (transpose of ). d) a, where a is a real number. e) Is there any relationship between the eigenvalues of 'A and those of the A matrix? Hint: Use to justify your answer. 2. Compute the spectral norm of 0 0 b) c) c) 1-1 0...
Problem 5 (a) Let A be an n × m matrix, and suppose that there exists a m × n matrix B such that BA = 1- (i) Let b є Rn be such that the system of equations Ax b has at least one solution. Prove that this solution must be unique. (ii) Must it be the case that the system of equations Ax = b has a solution for every b? Prove or provide a counterexample. (b) Let...
Problem 8: (11 total points) Suppose that B is a nx n matrix of the form B = Viv] + v2v + V3v3, where V1, V2, V3 € R”, n > 3 are nonzero column vector and are orthogonal. a) Show that B is a positive semidefinite matrix. b) Under which condition, B will be a positive definite matrix? c) Let A be 3x3 real symmetric matrix with eigenvalues 11 > 12 > 13. Let F be a positive definite...
Problem 4. Let A, B e Rmxn. We say that A is equivalent to B if there exist an invertible m x m n x n matrix Q such that PAQ = B. matrix P and an invertible (a) Prove that the relation "A is equivalent to B" is reflexive, symmetric, and transitive; i.e., prove that: (i) for all A E Rmx", A is equivalent to A; (ii) for all A, B e Rmxn, if A is equivalent to B...
Matrix operations 22. Suppose you are given a matrix of the form cos(() - sin(0) R(0) = sin() cos(0) Consider now the unit vector v = [1,0)" in a two dimensional plane. Compute R(O)v. Repeat your computations this time using w = [0, 1]". What do you observe? Try thinking in terms of pictures, look at the pair of vectors before and after the action of R(O). 23. You may have recognised the two vectors in the previous question to...
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