Question

Part II- Back to Running After being suspended due to her high testosterone levels, Caster attempted to run in a race in South Africa in March 2010 and was turned away. The organizers said they were adhering to IAAF rules. In July. 2010, the lAAF anno that Caster was cleared to again compete against women. The lAAF gave no other details and said the 2009 of Caster Semenya had been completed and the case was closed. Due to TAAF rules and news reports, it is likely that the world championships in South Korea. Caster's story led the IAAF to enact a policy in 2011 that specified the acceptable serum levels of testosterone for ion. This was specifically targeted at women with hyperandrogenism. If female athletes had ier m testmer e levels above 10 nmol/L (288 ng/dl) (lower end of natural male range) then they had to take hormone-suppressing drugs or have surgery to remove the source of testosterone. Or, if they could prove they were insensitive to testosterone, they could compete without treatment. In 2012, Caster earned a silver medal at the London games in the 800 m. Some speculated that Caster threw the race so as not to bring up the scrutiny that would come with a gold medal. Caster dismissed the ludicrous claims. Caster continued running from 2013 to 2015 but faced an injury, coaching changes, and having to continually take medication. Her times were about 7 seconds slower than her personal best at the 2009 world championships. She didn't qualify for the 2015 world championships. In 2015, another female runner challenged the 2011 IAAF ruling about lowering testo a female sprinter from Odisha, India. She has hyperandrogenism and, like Caster, had an early career mired by allegations and gender tests. Dutee took her case to the Court of Arbitration for IAAF does not set an upper limit for naturally occurring testosterone levels in male competitors. It seems only fair that sided with Chand and suspended the IAAF's 2011 ruling. Dutee found the testing unfair and in her case stated the women athletes be treated the same. Specifically, the Court stated it 'was unable to conclude that hyperandrogenic female athletes may benefit from such a significant performance advantage that it is necessary to exclude them from competing in the female caregory."It is unclear whether naturally occurring high testesteione gives women an advantage and if so, how much of one. The arbitration panel further noted that there are int enough data to show that testosterone provided women with more of an edge than other factors, biological, or otherwise. The court gave the IAAF rwo years to sort out the matter In 2016 Caster Semenya competed in the 800 m in Monaco and ran her personal best time. She was no longer taking drugs to suppress her natural androgen production. She went on to win gold at the Olympic games in Rio. She ran the 800 m race in 1 min 55.28 sec, her personal best time, a South African record, and the 5th-fastest Olympic time. It has been circulated that, due to their masculinized appearance and stellar performance, the Rio 800 m silver and bronze medalists (Francine Niyonsaba and Margaret Nyairera Wambui) have also been subjected to the same "gender tests" that Caster had to take. Dutee Chand didn't make it to the 100 m finals. The leader of the IAAF, Sebastian Coe, says that the organization will challenge the CAS ruling that allows women with high natural testosterone to compete against other women. Questions 7. With your group, discuss some of the biological and practical limitations or concerns of implementinga testosterone cut-off in female athletes. Then list three of the limitations or concerns you discussed; for each one listed, explain why it is a limitation or concern. Pretend the lAAF has hired you, a biologist, to collect evidence to determine if naturally occurring levels of testosterone in women improve athletic performance above and beyond other variables. Discuss this with your eroup and then list three ypes of datalevidence you would need and describe in detail why that cvidence would be helpful in making this determination Page 1

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