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1. Thermodynamic data is available for each of the following dissolution reactions (solids dissolving in water) at standard conditions at 25°C. Recall that standard conditions mean that all concentrations are 1 M H (k.J/mol) AS (J/K mol AG(k.J/mol) NaCl(aq) KCIO4(s) KNO3(s) CaSO4(s) CaCO(s) → → → → → Na(aq) + Cl(aq) K(aq) + CIO(aq) K.(aq)+NO3(aq) Ca..(aq)+SO42(aq) Ca.(aq)-C012-(aq) 53 36 -27 134 115 -144 -199 .9 0 48 a. Which of the solids will dissolve spontaneously at standard conditions? Are any of them near equilibrium? What leads you to your conclusions? b. Which of the solids will not dissolve at standard conditions? c. Are any of the dissolutions entropy driven? Enthalpy driven? Which? Explain. d. Are any of the dissolutions entropy hindered? Enthalpy hindered? Which? Explain. e. Which of the solids may become more soluble as the temperature increases? Answers: (a) NaCl; KNOs; (b) 3 of them (c) first entropy driven (c) the last two entropy hindered; second and third enthalpy hindered; (e) Those with positive entropy changes)
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