Question

Indicate which orbitals form the bond or lone pair designated by the arrows. For the bonds, be sure to indicate sigma (sigma) or pi (pi).

Answer 1

Answer:

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1) O in Carbonyl C-O is sp2 hybrid i.e. there are 3 sp2 Hybrid orbitals (HO's) -One- HO forms sigma bond with C of carbonyl group -Two- HO's are with lone pair of electrons. (shown red) o-orbital 1 Unhybridized orbital with unpaired electron of O forms pi bond with unhybridized orbital with one unpaired electron forms pi Bond (shown blue) Il n-orbital CH 2) Benezene ring is actually a hybrid structure with all partial double bonds i.e. there is no actual single or double bond. But if we strictly talk about this resonance form then, a) When there is just C-C single bond it's a sigma bond b) when C-C double bond shown then there is one sigma and one pi bond T-orbital -orbital -orbital CEN 3) N in Cyano group N is sp hybridized. I.e. there are 2 sp HO's and 2 orbitals with one unpaired electron each Out of 2 sp HO's, -One-forms sigma bond wih C of cyano group, -other sp HO's contain a lone pair of electron orbital ANd each Unhybridized orbitals with single unpaired electron fors a pi bond with C of cyano cEN group