Homework Answers
1. Phosphoric acid is used as a catalyst to activate the acetic anhydride by protonating the carbonyl group facilitating the phenol group to attach as per the mechanism attached.
2. Cold Water is added to quench the reaction.
3. Ice is added to lower the temperature of the reaction mass to enable the precipitation process.
4. Ethanol is added to dissolve the product and is used as a
crystallisation solvent along with water.
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used. Experimental . Place 2.0 g of salicylic acid in a 125-mL conical flask. 2. Add...
Place 3.0 g of salicylic acid in a 125-ml Erlenmeyer flask. Carefully add, stirring constantly, 6...
Place 3.0 g of salicylic acid in a 125-ml Erlenmeyer flask. Carefully add, stirring constantly, 6 mL of acetic anhydride, followed by 10 drops of concentrated sulfuric acid. Swirl the contents of the flask so that the reactants are thoroughly mixed. Stopper the flask with a one- hole cork fitted with an inverted Pasteur pipet to prevent condensation of water in the reaction flask during heating on the steam bath. Heat the flask in a boiling-water or steam bath for...
Running the Reaction Add 0.100 g benzil and 0.30 mL 95% ethanol to a 3-mL conical vial. Place a s...
Determine the theoretical yield and limiting reagent
Running the Reaction Add 0.100 g benzil and 0.30 mL 95% ethanol to a 3-mL conical vial. Place a spin vane in the vial and attach an air condenser. Heat the mixture with an aluminum block (90-100°C) while stirring until the benzil has dissolved (see inset in Tech- nique 6, Figure 6.1A). Using a 9-inch Pasteur pipette, add dropwise 0.25 mL of an aqueous potassium hydroxide solution' downward through the condenser into the...
Write out your separation scheme for this experiment. 1. Heat 75 mL of water to 90...
Write out your separation scheme for this experiment. 1. Heat 75 mL of water to 90 °C in a 250-mL beaker. 2. While the water is being heated, place 250 mg of salicylic acid, 1 drop of 85% phosphoric acid and 0.5 mL of acetic anhydride in a test tube. Add a boiling chip to the mixture and gently shake it in order to mix the reactants. 3. Heat the tube in the beaker of water at 85 - 90...
Calculate the theoretical yield for Orange II (mw= 422g/mol; experimental weight of orange II azo-dye=0.4g). EXPERIMENTAL...
Calculate the theoretical yield for Orange II (mw= 422g/mol;
experimental weight of orange II azo-dye=0.4g).
EXPERIMENTAL Calculate the theoretical yield before the lab. Caution: Orange II dyes clothing and other organic materials a permanent unique orange. As a measure of your technique, points may be subtracted for orange hands, etc. 1 DIAZOTIZATION OF SULFANILIC ACID Dissolve 0.4 g of anhydrous sodium carbonate in 7.5 mL of H.O. Use a 25 mL Erlenmever flask. 2. Add 0.45 g of sulfanilic acid...
Synthesis of crude product. 1. Combine reagents (following either step A or B, depending on the...
Synthesis of crude product.
1. Combine reagents (following either step A or B, depending on the
benzaldehyde assigned to
you). It is best not to use a brand-new conical vial right out
of the package, as the surface is not rough enough to help induce
precipitation.
A. In a 5-mL conical vial, combine 0.15 g of 3-nitrobenzaldehyde
(151.121 g/mol), 0.12 mL
of acetophenone (120.151 g/mol; d = 1.03 g/mL), and 0.80 mL of
95% ethanol.
OR
B. Pipette 0.13 mL...
PROCEDURE CAUTION!!! Nitric acid and sulfuric acid are strong and corrosive acids. For that reason, avoid...
PROCEDURE CAUTION!!! Nitric acid and sulfuric acid are strong and corrosive acids. For that reason, avoid inhaling its vapors or causing any contact with the skin or clothing. Wear your protective glasses at all times. Use the extractors to work with these acids. A. Nitration of methyl benzoate 1. Preparation of the reactants. In the extractor you will find a burette with concentrated sulfuric acid, a second burette with concentrated nitric acid, clearly identified. Familiarize yourself with the scales of...
For the portion of the procedure shown below, create a flow chart for the acid-base extraction...
For the portion of the procedure shown below, create a
flow chart for the acid-base extraction at the end of the Grignard
Reaction. Start your flow chart with the crude reaction (see below)
mixture before addition of HCl and continue it until the product is
recovered. Depict the desired organic product, in its correct form
at each step of the procedure.
Crude reaction mixture procedure for reference: To
the flask add Mg turnings (120 mg, 4.94 mmol) to the flask...
Draw a pathway for the reaction of phenylboronic acid with 4-iodophenol to obtain 4-phenylphenol in the...
Draw a pathway for the
reaction of phenylboronic acid with 4-iodophenol to obtain
4-phenylphenol in the form of a catalytic
cycle. EXPLAIN and STATE all complexes formed in
EACH STEP by their electron counts (count how many
e- are there, e.g. 18 e- or 16
e- etc.), formal
oxidation states and all the reactions with
mechanistic labels (i.e. oxidative
addition, reductive elimination, etc.)
(note the amount of base used). Be sure to
EXPLAIN the catalytic cycle as to what happens...
noinizdle dn Draw a flow sheet to describe the separation procedure. (10 pts) doprleoudenagne aded 6....
noinizdle dn Draw a flow sheet to describe the separation procedure. (10 pts) doprleoudenagne aded 6. Are several small-scale extractions more efficient than one large-scale extraction? Why? (10 pts) 7. Why the upper layer should be poured out from the top of the separatory funnel but not be drained from the stopcock? (10 pts) Extraction: Separation of a Neutral and Basic Substances 1 Dissolve 2 g of a mixture of naphthalene and 4-chloroaniline in 20 mL of ethyl ether and...
DQuestion 3 2 pts In lab, you add 2.07 g salicylic acid to a 125 mL...
DQuestion 3 2 pts In lab, you add 2.07 g salicylic acid to a 125 mL Erlenmeyer flask, as listed in the procedure. You carefully add 4.0 mL acetic anhydride and have your TA add 5 drops of sulfuric acid After completing the synthesis and filtering. you place the crystals to dry on an evaporating dish that weights 21.616 g. After drying, the crystals and evaporating dish weigh 23.404. Calculate the percent yield of aspirin Insert the value as a...
Place 3.0 g of salicylic acid in a 125-ml Erlenmeyer flask. Carefully add, stirring constantly, 6 mL of acetic anhydride, followed by 10 drops of concentrated sulfuric acid. Swirl the contents of the flask so that the reactants are thoroughly mixed. Stopper the flask with a one- hole cork fitted with an inverted Pasteur pipet to prevent condensation of water in the reaction flask during heating on the steam bath. Heat the flask in a boiling-water or steam bath for...
Determine the theoretical yield and limiting reagent
Running the Reaction Add 0.100 g benzil and 0.30 mL 95% ethanol to a 3-mL conical vial. Place a spin vane in the vial and attach an air condenser. Heat the mixture with an aluminum block (90-100°C) while stirring until the benzil has dissolved (see inset in Tech- nique 6, Figure 6.1A). Using a 9-inch Pasteur pipette, add dropwise 0.25 mL of an aqueous potassium hydroxide solution' downward through the condenser into the...
Calculate the theoretical yield for Orange II (mw= 422g/mol;
experimental weight of orange II azo-dye=0.4g).
EXPERIMENTAL Calculate the theoretical yield before the lab. Caution: Orange II dyes clothing and other organic materials a permanent unique orange. As a measure of your technique, points may be subtracted for orange hands, etc. 1 DIAZOTIZATION OF SULFANILIC ACID Dissolve 0.4 g of anhydrous sodium carbonate in 7.5 mL of H.O. Use a 25 mL Erlenmever flask. 2. Add 0.45 g of sulfanilic acid...
Synthesis of crude product.
1. Combine reagents (following either step A or B, depending on the
benzaldehyde assigned to
you). It is best not to use a brand-new conical vial right out
of the package, as the surface is not rough enough to help induce
precipitation.
A. In a 5-mL conical vial, combine 0.15 g of 3-nitrobenzaldehyde
(151.121 g/mol), 0.12 mL
of acetophenone (120.151 g/mol; d = 1.03 g/mL), and 0.80 mL of
95% ethanol.
OR
B. Pipette 0.13 mL...
PROCEDURE CAUTION!!! Nitric acid and sulfuric acid are strong and corrosive acids. For that reason, avoid inhaling its vapors or causing any contact with the skin or clothing. Wear your protective glasses at all times. Use the extractors to work with these acids. A. Nitration of methyl benzoate 1. Preparation of the reactants. In the extractor you will find a burette with concentrated sulfuric acid, a second burette with concentrated nitric acid, clearly identified. Familiarize yourself with the scales of...
For the portion of the procedure shown below, create a
flow chart for the acid-base extraction at the end of the Grignard
Reaction. Start your flow chart with the crude reaction (see below)
mixture before addition of HCl and continue it until the product is
recovered. Depict the desired organic product, in its correct form
at each step of the procedure.
Crude reaction mixture procedure for reference: To
the flask add Mg turnings (120 mg, 4.94 mmol) to the flask...
Draw a pathway for the
reaction of phenylboronic acid with 4-iodophenol to obtain
4-phenylphenol in the form of a catalytic
cycle. EXPLAIN and STATE all complexes formed in
EACH STEP by their electron counts (count how many
e- are there, e.g. 18 e- or 16
e- etc.), formal
oxidation states and all the reactions with
mechanistic labels (i.e. oxidative
addition, reductive elimination, etc.)
(note the amount of base used). Be sure to
EXPLAIN the catalytic cycle as to what happens...
noinizdle dn Draw a flow sheet to describe the separation procedure. (10 pts) doprleoudenagne aded 6. Are several small-scale extractions more efficient than one large-scale extraction? Why? (10 pts) 7. Why the upper layer should be poured out from the top of the separatory funnel but not be drained from the stopcock? (10 pts) Extraction: Separation of a Neutral and Basic Substances 1 Dissolve 2 g of a mixture of naphthalene and 4-chloroaniline in 20 mL of ethyl ether and...
DQuestion 3 2 pts In lab, you add 2.07 g salicylic acid to a 125 mL Erlenmeyer flask, as listed in the procedure. You carefully add 4.0 mL acetic anhydride and have your TA add 5 drops of sulfuric acid After completing the synthesis and filtering. you place the crystals to dry on an evaporating dish that weights 21.616 g. After drying, the crystals and evaporating dish weigh 23.404. Calculate the percent yield of aspirin Insert the value as a...
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