The ionic strength of seawater is approximately 0.7 M. Briefly explain how ionic strength will affect,...
The ionic strength of seawater is approximately 0.7 M. Briefly explain how ionic strength will affect, as an example, the dissolution of CaCO3 in seawater. Use free energy (DG), and chemical equilibrium, to explain your answer.
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The ionic strength of seawater is approximately 0.7 M. Briefly
explain how ionic strength will affect,...
Solubility 1. Would you expect calcite to be more soluble in rainwater (ionic strength - 104...
Solubility 1. Would you expect calcite to be more soluble in rainwater (ionic strength - 104 mol/kg) or seawater (ionic strength 0.7 mol/kg)? Assume both solutions are at equilibrium with the same partial pressure of CO2. Explain your answer (3 pts).
A. Calculate the ionic strength of an aqueous solution of 0.037 M KCl. B. How will...
A. Calculate the ionic strength of an aqueous solution of 0.037 M KCl. B. How will the activity of 0.025 M Ca2+ be impacted by the addition of 0.050 M KCl? In other words will the activity of Ca2+ increase or decrease when KCl is added to pure water? Briefly explain your answer.
A. Derive an equation from first principles that shows how the maximum non-expansion work in a re...
A. Derive an equation from first principles that shows how the maximum non-expansion work in a reversible isothermal-isobaric process depends on Gibbs free energy and hence chemical potential B. Using you derivation, show how the standard potential of an electrochemical reaction relates to the change in Gibbs free energy and the work done by the system 10P 2. A. Define both chemical potential and activity coefficient. B. Explain why it necessary to use activity coefficients when discussing ionic solutions? Within...
1. What is the relative ionic strength of a solution of calcium sulfate compared to a...
1. What is the relative ionic strength of a solution of calcium sulfate compared to a solution of sodium chloride. What is the main contributor to this difference? 2. List 2 salts each that should have similar ionic strengths to: a) sodium phosphate, and b) magnesium phosphate. 3. Calculate the ionic strength of a 0.500 M. solution of sodium phosphate, and of a separate solution of 0.500 M magnesium phosphate. Which has the greater ionic strength? 4. Briefly explain why...
51. Explain what being a chemortoph and a phototroph means 52. List and briefly explain the...
51. Explain what being a chemortoph and a phototroph means 52. List and briefly explain the types of biological work, give examples 53. Explain the first and the second laws of thermodynamics, give an example in biological systems 54. Show and explain how free energy of the system changes in an exergonic reaction 55. Explain why the system in equilibrium has the lowest free energy. Give an example. 56. Explain how thermal activation of chemical reactions work 57. Explain how...
Briefly explain what the greenhouse effect is and how it affects all life on our planet....
Briefly explain what the greenhouse effect is and how it affects all life on our planet. Additionally, what are two pieces of evidence introduced in class that demonstrate climate change is “real”? Explain what happens with the total energy of the system at different trophic levels, indicating how much energy is transferred from one level to the next. Add a pesticide to your food chain and explain what happens with certain persistent chemical residues at different trophic levels.
3. "Enzymes affect reaction rates, not equilibria." This is a fundamental concept of enzyme action. Explain, in your...
3. "Enzymes affect reaction rates, not equilibria." This is a fundamental concept of enzyme action. Explain, in your own words, why enzymes cannot alter the equilibrium of a reaction. Then explain how enzymes can actually speed up a reaction. 4. How is the activation energy AG different from the biochemical standard free energy change AG"? 5. Explain why AG's p can be different from AG p.s. Describe the implication of this difference in terms of the direction of the reaction...
field has an ims strength of 34.3 mV/m? The wave travels in free space. How much...
field has an ims strength of 34.3 mV/m? The wave travels in free space. How much energy is transported across a 1.30 cm area per hour by an EM wave whose Express your answer using three significant figures. AEO + O ? ΔΙ Submit Request Answer
2.1 (5 pts.) Briefly discuss how the location of two genes on the same chromosome might...
2.1 (5 pts.) Briefly discuss how the location of two genes on the same chromosome might affect the frequency with which the alleles of these two genes are randomly assorted in to the next generation. 2.5 (5 pts.) Differentiate between an ionic bond and a covalent bond: giving an example of each 2.2 (5 pts.) To what does the term "Cytoplasmic inheritance" refer? In your answer, please give an example that was mentioned in the lectures. 2.3 (5 pts.) Why...
Please really explain your answer to D. How would you be able to tell if the...
Please really explain your answer to D. How would you be able to
tell if the reaction will proceed rapidly at room temperature or
not based off of the information given?
9) For the reaction A B Starting with MA the final concentrations of the reactants and products at equilibrium were: A = 0.01 M B = 0.99 M True, false or can't be determined, concerning this reaction? a) The Keq will be approximately 102 b) The reaction will be...
Solubility 1. Would you expect calcite to be more soluble in rainwater (ionic strength - 104 mol/kg) or seawater (ionic strength 0.7 mol/kg)? Assume both solutions are at equilibrium with the same partial pressure of CO2. Explain your answer (3 pts).
A. Derive an equation from first principles that shows how the maximum non-expansion work in a reversible isothermal-isobaric process depends on Gibbs free energy and hence chemical potential B. Using you derivation, show how the standard potential of an electrochemical reaction relates to the change in Gibbs free energy and the work done by the system 10P 2. A. Define both chemical potential and activity coefficient. B. Explain why it necessary to use activity coefficients when discussing ionic solutions? Within...
1. What is the relative ionic strength of a solution of calcium sulfate compared to a solution of sodium chloride. What is the main contributor to this difference? 2. List 2 salts each that should have similar ionic strengths to: a) sodium phosphate, and b) magnesium phosphate. 3. Calculate the ionic strength of a 0.500 M. solution of sodium phosphate, and of a separate solution of 0.500 M magnesium phosphate. Which has the greater ionic strength? 4. Briefly explain why...
51. Explain what being a chemortoph and a phototroph means 52. List and briefly explain the types of biological work, give examples 53. Explain the first and the second laws of thermodynamics, give an example in biological systems 54. Show and explain how free energy of the system changes in an exergonic reaction 55. Explain why the system in equilibrium has the lowest free energy. Give an example. 56. Explain how thermal activation of chemical reactions work 57. Explain how...
3. "Enzymes affect reaction rates, not equilibria." This is a fundamental concept of enzyme action. Explain, in your own words, why enzymes cannot alter the equilibrium of a reaction. Then explain how enzymes can actually speed up a reaction. 4. How is the activation energy AG different from the biochemical standard free energy change AG"? 5. Explain why AG's p can be different from AG p.s. Describe the implication of this difference in terms of the direction of the reaction...
field has an ims strength of 34.3 mV/m? The wave travels in free space. How much energy is transported across a 1.30 cm area per hour by an EM wave whose Express your answer using three significant figures. AEO + O ? ΔΙ Submit Request Answer
2.1 (5 pts.) Briefly discuss how the location of two genes on the same chromosome might affect the frequency with which the alleles of these two genes are randomly assorted in to the next generation. 2.5 (5 pts.) Differentiate between an ionic bond and a covalent bond: giving an example of each 2.2 (5 pts.) To what does the term "Cytoplasmic inheritance" refer? In your answer, please give an example that was mentioned in the lectures. 2.3 (5 pts.) Why...
Please really explain your answer to D. How would you be able to
tell if the reaction will proceed rapidly at room temperature or
not based off of the information given?
9) For the reaction A B Starting with MA the final concentrations of the reactants and products at equilibrium were: A = 0.01 M B = 0.99 M True, false or can't be determined, concerning this reaction? a) The Keq will be approximately 102 b) The reaction will be...
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