Question

1. You are interested in how cyclic-AMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) functions to affect learning and memory, and you decide to study its function in the brain. It is known that, in the cells you are studying, PKA works via a signal transduction pathway like the one depicted in Figure 16-15. Furthermore, it is also known that activated PKA phosphorylates the transcriptional regulator called Nerd that then activates transcription of the gene Brainy. Which, if any of the situations described below will lead to an increase in Brainy transcription?

a. a mutation in the Nerd gene that produces a protein that cannot be phosphorylated by PKA

       b. a mutation in the gene encoding PKA that cannot be phosphorylated

       c. a mutation in the gene that encodes cAMP phosphodiesterase that makes the enzyme inactive

       d. a mutation in the gene that the receptor so it does not interact with the G protein.

activated adierylyl cyclase adrenaline activated a ubunit of stimulatory G protein (G) plasma membrane activated GPCR (adrenergic receptor) Cyclic AMP inactive PKA active РКА nudear pore CYTOSOL NUCLEUS active PKA inactive transcription regulator activated, phosphorylated transcription regulator E activated target gene TRANSCRIPTION OF TARGET GENE

*this is all the information i have* pick between a, b, c, or d and explain