Question

For each of the following valves, please describe where it is located and into which compartment it prevents the backflow of blood. Also, which of the above valves are associated with chordae tendineae and papillary muscles? What are the functions of those structures? Please be descriptive as these are topics that may be on my exam.

Bicuspid valve

Tricuspid valve

Mitral valve

Right AV valve

Left AV valve

Aortic semilunar valve

Pulmonary semilunar valve

Answer 1

Answer

Heart is composed of four valves called cardiac valves.

These Valves are present at the opening of the heart chamber.

They are divided into two groups.

1) Atrioventricular Valves:-

These valves are present at the junction of atria and ventricles. These valves prevent the regurgitation of the blood back into the atria.

AV valves are attached to the chorda tendinae and papillary muscles of the ventricle.

AV valve closes during systole and open during ventricular diastole.

They are two in number.

A) Bicuspid Valve/Mitral valve/ Left AV valve:- This valve is present at the junction of left atrium and left ventricle.

B) Tricuspid Valve / Right AV valve:-

This valve is present between the right atrium and right ventricle.

2) Semilunar Valve:-

These valves are present between the ventricle and the great vessels.

The are composed of moon like cusps.

These valves are opened during ventricular systole and get closed during ventricular diastole.

They are two in number.

A) Aortic semilunar valve

This valve is present between the left ventricle and aorta

B) Pulmonary semilunar valve

This valve is present between the Right ventricle and Pulmonary artery.