Comparison of two modulators
If both the 8-PSK modulator and rectangular 8-QAM modulator have equal energy, then compare them in terms of their measures of goodness.
(goodness means the minimum distance between the symbols)
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2. The different types of modulation schemes have different distance between the transmitted signals. The distance...
2. The different types of modulation schemes have different distance between the transmitted signals. The distance for BPSK, QPSK, M-PSK, BFSK, and M-FSK is shown below. Modulation Scheme Minimum Distance between Constellation Points Bandwidth BPSK d=2./PT= 2/E B = 2f = 21 QPSK d=2/PTo = 2/E B = 2/3 = fo M-PSK d = 54โฌ, sin? ) = 4.NE, sin? (75) B = 2f: = 2 16-QAM d = 2/0.4E BFSK d= 2E (Orthogonal BFSK) B = 45 M-FSK d...
Problem 2: Consider the four phase and eight phase signal constellations shown below. Determine the radii r1 and r2 of the circles so that the distance between two adjacent points in the two constell...
Problem 2: Consider the four phase and eight phase signal constellations shown below. Determine the radii r1 and r2 of the circles so that the distance between two adjacent points in the two constellations is d. From this result, determine the additional transmitted energy required in the 8-PSK signal to achieve the same error probability as the four phase signal at high SNR, where the probability of error is determined by errors in selecting adjacent points. M-4 M-8
Problem 2:...
Two rectangular parallel plates have area A and are separated by a distance d. They are...
Two rectangular parallel plates have area A and are separated by a distance d. They are connected to a power supply and charged with a voltage V. There no insulating material between them. In this configuration the plates make a capacitor with capacitance C. The electric field between the plates is E and the energy stored is U While still connected to the power supply, the plates are moved so the distance between them is one-half what it was. By...
The potential energy of two atoms in a diatomic molecule is approximated by U(r)=d/r12-b/r6, where r...
The potential energy of two atoms in a diatomic molecule is approximated by U(r)=d/r12-b/r6, where r is the spacing between atoms and a and b are positive constants. Find the force F(r) on one atom as a function of r. Find the equilibrium distance between the two atoms. Express your answer in terms of the variables a and b. Is this equilibrium stable? Suppose the distance between the two atoms is equal to the equilibrium distance found in part (b)....
The potential energy of two atoms in a diatomic molecule is approximated by U(r)=a/r^12โb/r^6, where r...
The potential energy of two atoms in a diatomic molecule is approximated by U(r)=a/r^12โb/r^6, where r is the spacing between atoms and a and b are positive constants. Find the component of force along the line connecting the two atoms, Fr(r), on one atom as a function of r. Find the equilibrium distance between the two atoms. Is this equilibrium stable? Suppose the distance between the two atoms is equal to the equilibrium distance found in part A. What minimum...
51. if two colliding protons in the Large Hadron Collider approached head-on, each with an energy of 7 TeV, what would be the minimum distance of separation between their centers? Compare this to...
51. if two colliding protons in the Large Hadron Collider approached head-on, each with an energy of 7 TeV, what would be the minimum distance of separation between their centers? Compare this to the approximate range of the strong and weak nuclear forces. Comment.
51. if two colliding protons in the Large Hadron Collider approached head-on, each with an energy of 7 TeV, what would be the minimum distance of separation between their centers? Compare this to the approximate range...
Consider the M-ary signal given by
Consider the M-ary signal given by:ย ๐๐(๐ก)=โ2๐ธ๐ /๐๐ cos(2๐๐๐๐ก+2๐๐(๐โ1))0โค๐กโค๐๐ and i=1, 2โฆMWhere Es is the symbol energy and Ts is the symbol duration. M is the number of symbols. The carrier frequency fc=n/Ts, where n is an integer.a) If M=8 sketch the output signals in the signal space.b) Draw the DBs and DRs and find the distance between the signals.c) Calculate the average transmitted energy.d) Suggest a coherent receiver for this system.e) Given that E = 4 J, Calculate the average probability...
In this example, we find the work needed to create a dipole by bringing in two...
In this example, we find the work needed to create a dipole by bringing in two point charges of mass m = 0.005 kg ; and opposite charge Q = 22 nC, from infinity, to within a distance d=2nm of one another. Gravity should be ignored. a) Find the potential energy between the two point charges when they are an infinite distance away from one another. b) Find the electrostatic energy between the two charges when they are a distance...
College Physics-there are two questions below, please show all your works and explain your answers!!!! MT13-CT1:...
College Physics-there are two questions below, please show all your works and explain your answers!!!! MT13-CT1: MOVING RECTANGULAR LOOPS IN UNIFORM MAGNETIC FIELDS-CURRENT In each case below, a rectangular loop of wire is moving to the right at 4 m/s into a region with a uniform magnetic field pointing into the page. In Case B, the field is four times as strong as in Case A. The rectangular loops have different widths and heights, but they are made from identical...
5:37 PM instruc Assignment 6: 4.6, 5.1 5.6 Save & Exit Question 3 (of 23) 3....
5:37 PM instruc Assignment 6: 4.6, 5.1 5.6 Save & Exit Question 3 (of 23) 3. value 0.43 points 10 attempts left C Check my work Be sure to answer all parts. Rep Calculate the velocity (in m/s) of a 0.336-g object that has E-18.6J Gui m/s Determine which of the following pairs of charged particles has the greater electrostatic energy between them: charges of +1 and-2 separated by a distance of d or charges of +2 and -2 separated...
2. The different types of modulation schemes have different distance between the transmitted signals. The distance for BPSK, QPSK, M-PSK, BFSK, and M-FSK is shown below. Modulation Scheme Minimum Distance between Constellation Points Bandwidth BPSK d=2./PT= 2/E B = 2f = 21 QPSK d=2/PTo = 2/E B = 2/3 = fo M-PSK d = 54โฌ, sin? ) = 4.NE, sin? (75) B = 2f: = 2 16-QAM d = 2/0.4E BFSK d= 2E (Orthogonal BFSK) B = 45 M-FSK d...
Problem 2: Consider the four phase and eight phase signal constellations shown below. Determine the radii r1 and r2 of the circles so that the distance between two adjacent points in the two constellations is d. From this result, determine the additional transmitted energy required in the 8-PSK signal to achieve the same error probability as the four phase signal at high SNR, where the probability of error is determined by errors in selecting adjacent points. M-4 M-8
Problem 2:...
Two rectangular parallel plates have area A and are separated by a distance d. They are connected to a power supply and charged with a voltage V. There no insulating material between them. In this configuration the plates make a capacitor with capacitance C. The electric field between the plates is E and the energy stored is U While still connected to the power supply, the plates are moved so the distance between them is one-half what it was. By...
The potential energy of two atoms in a diatomic molecule is approximated by U(r)=d/r12-b/r6, where r is the spacing between atoms and a and b are positive constants. Find the force F(r) on one atom as a function of r. Find the equilibrium distance between the two atoms. Express your answer in terms of the variables a and b. Is this equilibrium stable? Suppose the distance between the two atoms is equal to the equilibrium distance found in part (b)....
51. if two colliding protons in the Large Hadron Collider approached head-on, each with an energy of 7 TeV, what would be the minimum distance of separation between their centers? Compare this to the approximate range of the strong and weak nuclear forces. Comment.
51. if two colliding protons in the Large Hadron Collider approached head-on, each with an energy of 7 TeV, what would be the minimum distance of separation between their centers? Compare this to the approximate range...
College Physics-there are two questions below, please show all your works and explain your answers!!!! MT13-CT1: MOVING RECTANGULAR LOOPS IN UNIFORM MAGNETIC FIELDS-CURRENT In each case below, a rectangular loop of wire is moving to the right at 4 m/s into a region with a uniform magnetic field pointing into the page. In Case B, the field is four times as strong as in Case A. The rectangular loops have different widths and heights, but they are made from identical...
5:37 PM instruc Assignment 6: 4.6, 5.1 5.6 Save & Exit Question 3 (of 23) 3. value 0.43 points 10 attempts left C Check my work Be sure to answer all parts. Rep Calculate the velocity (in m/s) of a 0.336-g object that has E-18.6J Gui m/s Determine which of the following pairs of charged particles has the greater electrostatic energy between them: charges of +1 and-2 separated by a distance of d or charges of +2 and -2 separated...
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