Prepare energy diagrams for the hydrolysis of tert-butyl chloride with two different concentrations of water. Explain...
Prepare energy diagrams for the hydrolysis of tert-butyl chloride with two different concentrations of water. Explain any significant differences in the diagrams and how they affect the reaction rate.
Homework Answers
Hydrolysis of tertiary alkyl halide such as tert-butylchloride follows an Sn1 mechanism
First step is loss of Cl- to form carbocation intermediate which then reacts in the second step with H2O to form tert-butanol product.
Water is a polar solvent and Sn1 reaction is polar solvent is favourable. The amount of water present however, does not affect the reaction as H2O is involved in the second step which is fast step of the reaction. The rate of reaction depends on the slow first step only.
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Prepare energy diagrams for the hydrolysis of tert-butyl
chloride with two different concentrations of water. Explain...
Some tert-butyl ether is formed in the solvolysis of tert-butyl chloride. Where does this product come...
Some tert-butyl ether is formed in the solvolysis of tert-butyl chloride. Where does this product come from (i.e. what is the substrate and what is the nucleophile?) Do you think this will affect the kinetics of the reaction? Think about the rate-limiting step in the reaction.
The hydrolysis of tert-butyl chloride occurs according to the following equation and rate law: C4H9Cl +...
The hydrolysis of tert-butyl chloride occurs according to the
following equation and rate law: C4H9Cl + H2O C4H9OH + HCl rate =
k[C4H9Cl]
Starting with an initial concentration [C4H9Cl] = 0.10 M, the
concentration reached 0.05 M after 342 seconds at a temperature of
308K. What is the rate constant under these conditions?
2. The hydrolysis of tert-butyl chloride occurs according to the following equation and rate law: C&HgCl + H2O + C4H,OH + HCI rate = k[C4H9CI] Starting...
13 SN1: Synthesis of tert-Butyl Chloride Alkyl halides can be prepared from their corresponding alcohols via...
13 SN1: Synthesis of tert-Butyl Chloride Alkyl halides can be prepared from their corresponding alcohols via an acid catalyzed substitution reaction. The mechanism of these acid catalyzed substitution reactions are labeled as Syl (substitution, nucleophilic, unimolecular) and S2 (substitution, nucleophilic, bimolecular). Tertiary alcohols follow the Snl route, primary alcohols follow the S2 route, and secondary alcohols can follow either path. Under acidic conditions, the mechanism (Figure 1) of the Sul reaction involves rapid protonation of the alcohol, followed by the...
5) The diagram below represents the energy diagram for the reaction of 1-butyl chloride with water....
5) The diagram below represents the energy diagram for the reaction of 1-butyl chloride with water. On the diagram, draw and indicate the position of each of the following: (0.9 points) a) structures of reactants, products, and intermediates (indicate the position of each on the diagram) b) indicate the positions of all transition states (label as "TS") c) indicate the activation energy of the rate-determining step (label as Ea) Energy Reaction Coordinate 6) Below is an energy diagram that represents...
13 SN1: Synthesis of tert-Butyl Chloride Alkyl halides can be prepared from their corresponding alcohols via...
13 SN1: Synthesis of tert-Butyl Chloride Alkyl halides can be prepared from their corresponding alcohols via an acid catalyzed substitution reaction. The mechanism of these acid catalyzed substitution reactions are labeled as Syl (substitution, nucleophilic, unimolecular) and S2 (substitution, nucleophilic, bimolecular). Tertiary alcohols follow the Snl route, primary alcohols follow the S2 route, and secondary alcohols can follow either path. Under acidic conditions, the mechanism (Figure 1) of the Sul reaction involves rapid protonation of the alcohol, followed by the...
Please answer both!!! Question 1 1 pts How many millimoles of tert-butyl chloride will be present...
Please answer both!!!
Question 1 1 pts How many millimoles of tert-butyl chloride will be present in each reaction? 3,000 Question 2 1 pts How many millimoles of hydroxide ion will be present in each reaction? 7.000 Page < 3 > of 4 - ZOOM GENERAL PROCEDURE 1. Obtain a 5 ml graduated pipet with a bulb, a thermometer, and a stopwatch. Obtain twelve test tubes in a rack from the cart in the laboratory. 2. Pipet 3 ml (5...
13 SN1: Synthesis of tert-Butyl Chloride Alkyl halides can be prepared from their corresponding alcohols via...
13 SN1: Synthesis of tert-Butyl Chloride Alkyl halides can be prepared from their corresponding alcohols via an acid catalyzed substitution reaction. The mechanism of these acid catalyzed substitution reactions are labeled as SNI (substitution, nucleophilic, unimolecular) and S 2 (substitution, nucleophilic, bimolecular). Tertiary alcohols follow the Syl route, primary alcohols follow the Sy2 route, and secondary alcohols can follow either path. Under acidic conditions, the mechanism (Figure 1) of the Syl reaction involves rapid protonation of the alcohol, followed by...
1.1 What is the equation for the rate of formation of tert-butyl alcohol from the reaction...
1.1 What is the equation for the rate of formation of tert-butyl
alcohol from the reaction of tert-butyl bromide (t-BuBr) with water
by an SN1 mechanism?
A. Rate= k[t-BuBr]
B Rate=k[ t-BuBr][H2O]
C. Rate=k[ H2O]
D. Rate=k[t-BuBr]^2
1.2 What is the equation for the rate of formation of
1-iodobutane from the reaction of 1-chlorobutane (BuCl) with NaI by
an SN2 mechanism?
A. Rate=k[BuCl]
B. Rate=k[BuCl][NaI]
C. Rate=k[NaI]
D. Rate=k[BuCl]^2
1.3 What is the equation for the rate of formation of...
In our experiment we will use three different substrates: 1°, n-butyl chloride; 2°, sec-butyl chloride; and...
In our experiment we will use three different substrates: 1°,
n-butyl chloride; 2°, sec-butyl chloride; and 3°, tert- butyl
chloride, and we will evaluate their reactivity and the rate of the
reaction in an SN1 reaction. We will use an acid-base indicator to
monitor the completion of the reaction and a salt, silver nitrate,
to obtain a precipitate. The success of the reaction is evidenced
by the change in color of the indicator (from orange to red) due to
the...
Can you explain with all necessary steps and equations? thank you 1. Butyl chloride, CH,CI, reacts...
Can you explain with all necessary steps and equations? thank
you
1. Butyl chloride, CH,CI, reacts with water to form butyl alcohol, CH,OH, CH,Cl(aq) + H2O (1) - C.H.OH(aq) + HCl(aq) If the initial concentration of butyl chloride is 0.1000 M and the concentration after 50 s of reaction is 0.0905 M, calculate the average rate of reaction at the start of the reaction, i.e., the initial rate).
The hydrolysis of tert-butyl chloride occurs according to the
following equation and rate law: C4H9Cl + H2O C4H9OH + HCl rate =
k[C4H9Cl]
Starting with an initial concentration [C4H9Cl] = 0.10 M, the
concentration reached 0.05 M after 342 seconds at a temperature of
308K. What is the rate constant under these conditions?
2. The hydrolysis of tert-butyl chloride occurs according to the following equation and rate law: C&HgCl + H2O + C4H,OH + HCI rate = k[C4H9CI] Starting...
13 SN1: Synthesis of tert-Butyl Chloride Alkyl halides can be prepared from their corresponding alcohols via an acid catalyzed substitution reaction. The mechanism of these acid catalyzed substitution reactions are labeled as Syl (substitution, nucleophilic, unimolecular) and S2 (substitution, nucleophilic, bimolecular). Tertiary alcohols follow the Snl route, primary alcohols follow the S2 route, and secondary alcohols can follow either path. Under acidic conditions, the mechanism (Figure 1) of the Sul reaction involves rapid protonation of the alcohol, followed by the...
5) The diagram below represents the energy diagram for the reaction of 1-butyl chloride with water. On the diagram, draw and indicate the position of each of the following: (0.9 points) a) structures of reactants, products, and intermediates (indicate the position of each on the diagram) b) indicate the positions of all transition states (label as "TS") c) indicate the activation energy of the rate-determining step (label as Ea) Energy Reaction Coordinate 6) Below is an energy diagram that represents...
13 SN1: Synthesis of tert-Butyl Chloride Alkyl halides can be prepared from their corresponding alcohols via an acid catalyzed substitution reaction. The mechanism of these acid catalyzed substitution reactions are labeled as Syl (substitution, nucleophilic, unimolecular) and S2 (substitution, nucleophilic, bimolecular). Tertiary alcohols follow the Snl route, primary alcohols follow the S2 route, and secondary alcohols can follow either path. Under acidic conditions, the mechanism (Figure 1) of the Sul reaction involves rapid protonation of the alcohol, followed by the...
Please answer both!!!
Question 1 1 pts How many millimoles of tert-butyl chloride will be present in each reaction? 3,000 Question 2 1 pts How many millimoles of hydroxide ion will be present in each reaction? 7.000 Page < 3 > of 4 - ZOOM GENERAL PROCEDURE 1. Obtain a 5 ml graduated pipet with a bulb, a thermometer, and a stopwatch. Obtain twelve test tubes in a rack from the cart in the laboratory. 2. Pipet 3 ml (5...
13 SN1: Synthesis of tert-Butyl Chloride Alkyl halides can be prepared from their corresponding alcohols via an acid catalyzed substitution reaction. The mechanism of these acid catalyzed substitution reactions are labeled as SNI (substitution, nucleophilic, unimolecular) and S 2 (substitution, nucleophilic, bimolecular). Tertiary alcohols follow the Syl route, primary alcohols follow the Sy2 route, and secondary alcohols can follow either path. Under acidic conditions, the mechanism (Figure 1) of the Syl reaction involves rapid protonation of the alcohol, followed by...
1.1 What is the equation for the rate of formation of tert-butyl
alcohol from the reaction of tert-butyl bromide (t-BuBr) with water
by an SN1 mechanism?
A. Rate= k[t-BuBr]
B Rate=k[ t-BuBr][H2O]
C. Rate=k[ H2O]
D. Rate=k[t-BuBr]^2
1.2 What is the equation for the rate of formation of
1-iodobutane from the reaction of 1-chlorobutane (BuCl) with NaI by
an SN2 mechanism?
A. Rate=k[BuCl]
B. Rate=k[BuCl][NaI]
C. Rate=k[NaI]
D. Rate=k[BuCl]^2
1.3 What is the equation for the rate of formation of...
In our experiment we will use three different substrates: 1°,
n-butyl chloride; 2°, sec-butyl chloride; and 3°, tert- butyl
chloride, and we will evaluate their reactivity and the rate of the
reaction in an SN1 reaction. We will use an acid-base indicator to
monitor the completion of the reaction and a salt, silver nitrate,
to obtain a precipitate. The success of the reaction is evidenced
by the change in color of the indicator (from orange to red) due to
the...
Can you explain with all necessary steps and equations? thank
you
1. Butyl chloride, CH,CI, reacts with water to form butyl alcohol, CH,OH, CH,Cl(aq) + H2O (1) - C.H.OH(aq) + HCl(aq) If the initial concentration of butyl chloride is 0.1000 M and the concentration after 50 s of reaction is 0.0905 M, calculate the average rate of reaction at the start of the reaction, i.e., the initial rate).
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