Question

QUESTION 3 Suppose a microbe has died and lysed, exposing its DNA to the environment. Some of this DNA was taken up by another unrelated microbe and incorporated into its genome. This is an example of which process? transduction vertical one transfer conjugation transformation endocytosis QUESTION 4 When the direct transfer of DNA from a living donor bacterium to a recipient bacterium occurs, this is transduction transformation transaction conjugation electroporation

Answer 1

Answer-

According to the given question-

Question 3-

Transduction- also a type of horizontal gene transfer where the DNA from one bacteria to the other bacteria is introduced with the help of viral vector.

Vertical gene transfer- Here the gene are transferred from the parents to their children through sexual or by asexual reproduction.

Conjugation- the genetic material are transferred from one bacteria to other when both comes in contact with each other i.e. cell-to-cell contact.

Transformation- the bacteria takes the foreign DNA from the environment or take naked DNA from solution.

Endocytosis-this is a process through which the macromolecules from the environment is taken and vesicle if formed.

So the correct answer for the question suppose a microbe has died and lysed , exposing its DNA to the environment . some of this DNA was taken up by the another unrelated microbe and incorporated into its genome this is called (D) Transformation

Question 4-

Transfection- it is the process where DNA, RNA as well as small molecules such as antibodies are introduced in eukaryotes forcefully or insertion of bacteriophage into bacteria.

Electroporation- DNA certain chemicals are introduced inside the cell by incresing the permeability of membrane by application of electrical field

So the correct answer for the question direct transfer of DNA from a living donor bacterium to a recipient bacterium is called (D) Conjugation