Question

Please classify each statement as describing transformation, conjugation, or transduction in bacteria. Bacteria can acquire plasmids from outside the cell. A bacterium that contains an F plasmid connects to a recipient bacterium that lacks an F plasmid with an appendage called a pilus, through which the plasmid is transferred. Some bacterial DNA fragments may be included when new phage particles are assembled. A cell can be treated to make it competent to take up DNA from its environment. When a bacteriophage carrying bacterial DNA infects a new bacterial cell, it injects the donor DNA, which may be incorporated into the cell's chromosome. Some DNA from the donor cell's chromosome may have become incorporated into the F plasmid and is transferred to the recipient cell. Requires a special plasmid, such as the F plasmid in E. coli, for DNA transfer A DNA fragment binds to a receptor site on a competent cell, and one of the strands is admitted into the cell, where it pairs with a homologous sequence in the bacterial genome. Requires a bacteriophage for DNA transfer. Transformation Conjugation Transduction

Answer 1

Ans : Transformation:-

• Bacteria can acquire plasmids from outside the cell.

• A cell can be treated to be competent to take up DNA from its environment.

•A DNA fragment binds to receptor site on competent cell one of the strand is admitted into the cell where it pairs with the homologous sequence in the bacterial genome.

CONJUGATION:-

•Requires a special plasmid such as F plasmid in E coli, for DNA transfer.

•A bacterium that conatains F plasmid contains to recipient bacterium that lacks F plasmid with an appendage called a pilus, through which the plasmid is transferred.

•Some DNA from the donor cell's chromosome may have become incorporated into F plasmid and is transferred to a recipient cell.

TRANSDUCTION:-

• When a bacteriophage carrying bacterial DNA infect a new bacterial cell, it injects donor's DNA which may be incorporated into the cell's chromosome.

•Some bacterial DNA fragments may be included when new phage particles are assembled.

•Requires a bacteriophage for tranfer.