Question

1. Why is taxonomy (the scheme of naming living organisms) so important in Biology?

2. How does a virus differ from all living organisms?

3. How does a virus affect a living organism? Give at least one specific example.

4. How has the excessive use of antibiotics resulted in a major global problem?

5. How are plants and animals dependent on each other? Give some specific examples.

6. What do the fungi and animals have in common?

7. Which types of living organisms function as "decomposers?" Give at least two examples.

Answer 1

1. Taxonomy is the branch of science that deals with classification, identification and nomenclature of organism.

Importance: 1. It makes the study of a wide organism easy.

2. This helps in understanding the phylogeny(evolutionary history) of organism.

3. It provides knowledge about the origin and genetic relationship among living organism.

4. The characteristics of the whole group of organism can be known by studying afew members in that group.

5. It provides information to the other branches of biology.

2. Virus is a nucleoprotein entity which is able to utilize the synthetis machinery of a living cell of another organism for its multiplication

Virus is a obligate parasite. It is inert outside the host cell. An inert virus is called virion. A biosynthetic machinery is absent in virus. A virus does not grow. There is no system to liberate nergy. It does not divide or reproduce like typical organism. Instead it multiplies by independent formation of its part using host machinery and then assembly of parts to produce virus particles.

A virus lack irritability and motility. It requires a vector to transfer from one host to another.