Question

Q # 1: Explain the differences and the dangers between ethyl alcohol and methyl alcohol?

Q # 2: What are the differences between alcohol by volume and proof, as well as, fermentation and distillation?

Q # 3: What does the standard drink refer to regarding alcohol based upon wine, beer, and liquor?

Q # 4: Compare and contrast the 18th and 21st Amendment as it relates to alcohol?

Q # 5: What is a blood alcohol concentration and why is it an important physiological measurement of alcohol consumption?

Q # 6: What are the steps in the metabolism of alcohol from ingestion to excretion?

Q # 7: What are the effects of alcohol on the GABA and glutamate receptors?

Q # 8: What are the effects of alcohol on the calcium, serotonin, and endocannabinoid receptors?

Q # 9: What are the differences in the type of drinking behaviors between both males and females as they relate to increased alcohol consumption?

Q # 10: Describe the relationship between blood alcohol concentration and its pharmacological effects on behavior and cognitive functioning?

Answer 1

Q # 1:

Methyl alcohol or methanol share some similar characteristics with ethyl alcohol or ethanol. They are colorless liquids, with very good solubility in water. The difference is that methanol is highly poisonous. Drinking only small amount of methanol can lead to blindness, or death (10–100 ml). Both methanol and ethanol have a pleasant odor.

Ethanol is poisonous also, but only when consumed in large quantities. It is an ingredient of many beverages and it can cause an addiction.

Methanol can be used to create a formaldehyde or as a fuel.

Ethanol can be easily confused with methanol. You can distinguish those two by using the so called Iodoform test. In an alkali environment and with iodine the ethanol will change to acetaldehyde. And acetaldehyde with iodine will provide yellow crystalline iodoform. The methanol does not react like this.