Question

HINTS FOR THE MACHINE PROELEM 1 Problem 1.1 a) i. DHCP. CHCP D4CFOffer Desanbe in detatl the 1-step process that the DHCP Client requests for the P Address frcm the DHCF Serrer. Capture te pockage DHC PDiscovez DHCP0fter, DHCPRequest, DHC PAck to shotw their struuctuTes. i ARP. Describe in dtail the 5-step process of a machine or router perocning ARP protocol to ind the phrsical address of the network node with the known IF address Captue the packages: ARP Request, ARP Reply to show thein structures. . ICMP Echo Reqaest Echo Request Eche Rpy 041 Rauter Desatbe in detall the 2-step process of a Caphure the packages Echo Request Echo Reply to show their structuzes. b) i. Eelease DHCP: PC to "ping the outer. swtcho DHCPReleas: Desambe in detail the process that the DHCP Clent release its IP to the DHCPServer. C.ptie the packages. DHCPRelease to show ils structure.

Answer 1

Problem 1.1:

a)

i)DHCP:

DHCP refers to Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. This is a standard protocol used for the dynamic configuration of machines/hosts on the network as soon as they connect to the network.

A four step process is involved in DHCP:

1. DHCP Discover: The client first broadcasts a request to discover any DHCP server available. DHCPDISCOVER message is broadcasted.

2. DHCP Offer: Then all the authentic DHCP servers available on the network reply and offer an IP address available to the client, alongwith the subnet mask and the lease time duration(For how much time IP will be valid at once).

3. Then, DHCP client chooses one of those servers and request them to offer an Ip. This step is called DHCPREQUEST.

4. The last step is DHCP acknowledge in which server finally assigns the IP and updates its DHCP table.

ii) ARP:

ARP refers to Address Resolution Protocol which is used to conver the Ip address to the MAC address on the network.

Steps involved in ARP:

1. First, sender sends an ARP request with sender's IP address , sender's MAC and destination IP address in it. This is a broadcast .

2. Then everyone on the network receives this request and tries to match their IPs with the destination IP. If no match is found, the packet is dropped.

3. Is the match is found, Then the device updates its cache with the sender's Ip and MAC.

4. After that, It makes a reply to the sender. Now , the ARP contains both SOURCE Mac and DESTINATION MAc address.

5. Now, the sender receives the reply and extracts the MAc address out of it.

iii) To ping a router , first assign Ip adresses to the router and the device which wants to ping the router.

Then, open command prompt on the device and write the command "ping <Router's Ip>"

b) To release an IP assigned by DHCP server, just open the command prompt and write ipconfig/release .

This is the formal way to do so. also, you can just plug out the LAN wire.

Images FOr Capture Simlation and Release Ip from Command Prompt:

Connection-specitic S Suix . ' thernet adapter Ethernet 5: Connection-specific DNS Suffix .: Link-local IPv6 Address . . . . . : fe80 ::204c : f19d : 3680 : 1cF3%27 IPv4 Address. 192.168.225.1 Subnet Mask . . . . 255.255. 255.0 Default Gateway ..: thernet adapter Ethernet 6: Connection-specific DNS Suffix .: Link-local IPv6 Address . . . . . : fe80 ::d170:cf23:8edd : cf7b%25 IPv4 Address. 192.168.79.1 Subnet Mask . . . . 255.255. 255.0 Default Gateway ..: ireless LAN adapter WiFi: Media State . . . . : Media disconnected Connection-specific DNS Suffix . : Belkin : \Users>ipconfig/release

e Object Set Tled Background | Simulation Panel Event List is. Time(sec) Last Device At Device Type Info PC-PT PCO PC -PT PC1 Reset SimuationConstant Delay Captured to 0.997 Reset Simulation Play Controls Auto Capture /Play Capture /Forward