Question

Discuss the relevance of cellular respiration in living beings?

Answer 1

Cellular respiration in the process of breakdown of glucose to yield carbon dioxide and water along with the generation of ATP. ATP is the energy currency of the cell which is utilised by the cell to perform all the cellular activities like movement of cell, movement of cell organelles, movement of chromosome during cell division, pumping of substances against concentration gradient, digestion of cellular debris and foreign agents and many more.

This process take place in mitochondria in eukaryotes and in plasma membrane and cytoplasm in prokaryotes. Therefore mitochondria is called as the powerhouse of the cell since power in the form of ATP is generated in this cell organelles.

If there would have been no cellular respiration, then there would have been no formation of ATP and the cell would die since it would not be having any source of energy to perform its activities.

The process of cellular respiration in eukaryotes mainly takes place in the presence of oxygen which is called as aerobic respiration and if it takes place in the absence of oxygen, then it is called as anaerobic respiration. Aerobic respiration is much more efficient than an aerobic respiration because one molecule of glucose produces 32 molecules of ATP by aerobic respiration and only two molecules of ATP by anaerobic respiration.

The process of aerobic respiration is divided into 5 stages -

1. Glycolysis

2. Pyruvate oxidation

3. Citric acid cycle

4. Electron transport chain

5. Oxidative phosphorylation

glycolysis 1 glucose step 772 pjuric acid + 2 NADH + 2ATP NADH transporter outer mitochondrial membrane cytosol pyruvate transporter step 4 to 1 intermembrane space step 5 electron oxidative transport phosphorylation/ system/chain chemiosmosis H+ H+ H+ 'H+ J. ATP synthase & pyunic acid ADP H*H* ATP inner mitochondrial membrane It pyruvate dexarboxylation/ step 2 preparatory step (2 rounds) to 1 d acetyl.com +, + &'NADH to 1 step 3 Kreb's cycle (2 rounds) + 3 NADH X2-6 →2 CO₂ X 2 =4 I FASH, X2-24 toll IGTP X2=2 mitochondrial matrix OVERVIEW OF AEROBIC CELLULAR RESPIRATION

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