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26. The is a group of bits that tells the computer to perform a specific operation...
Consider a hypothetical computer with an instruction set of only two n-but instructions. The first bit specifies the opcode, and the remaining bits specify one of the 2-1 n-bit words of main memory. The two instructions are as follows: SUBS X: Subtract the contents of location X from the accumulator, and store the result in location X and the accumulator JUMP X: Place address X in Program Counter A word in memory may contain either an instruction or a binary...
1. (10 points) Suppose you have a load-store computer with the following instruction mix Operation Frequency Number of clock cycles ALU ops Loads Stores Branches 40 % 20 % 18% 22 % 4 4 The ALU ops (arithmetic logic unit ops) typically use operands in CPU registers and hence they take fewer clock cycles to execute. However, if you want to add a memory operand to a CPU register, then you would have to explicitly load it into a CPU...
4. Given below is the MIPS instruction set for the R and I format along with examples of some operations. The function and opcodes are given in hexadecimal system t (5 bits) funct (6 bits 20 Inst Format op (6 bits) rs (5 bits)rt (5 bits) 0 0 reg2 reg2 0 0 regl Su InstFormat op (6 bits rs (5 bits) addi regl regl re regl regl constant constant constant constant 23 2b constant InstFormat jump constant Table 1: MIPS...
Figure 1: each block gives the number of different types of instructionsConsider a program with the execution flow shown in Figure 1. There are in total 3 types of instructions used in this program: Type 1 (in-processor calculation): execution rate as 1 per clock cycle; Type 2 (memory access): each instruction takes 2 clock cycles for execution; Type 3 (loop control): each instruction takes 2 clock cycles for jump into the loop block or 3 clock cycles for jump to the block after...
A digital computer has a memory unit with 24 bits per word. the instructions set consists of 150 different operations. all instructions have an operation codepart(opcode) and an address part (allowing for only one address) Each instruction is stored in one word of memory.a. how many bits are needed for the opcodeb. how many bits are left for the address part of the instruction.c. What is the maximum allowable size of memory.d. what is the largest unsigned binary number that...
please include only the digits of the appropriate number system. In particular, do not precede the answers with ‘0x’ or ‘0b’ or follow your answers with base indicators, like subscript 2 or 10. 1. A processor uses 24 bits for its memory addressing. How many possible distinct locations (in decimal) can the computer address? The computer memory address locations are numbered from 0 to the maximum. If a memory locations' address is (7243)10, how is this address represented in binary...
Consider a hypothetical computer with an instruction set of only two n-bit instruc- tions.The first bit specifies the opcode, and the remaining bits specify one of the 2-1 n-bit words of main memory. The two instructions are as follows: 12.7 SUBS X Subtract the contents of location X from the accumulator, and store the result in location X and the accumulator. Place address X in the program counter JUMPX A word in main memory may contain either an instruction or...
Question 3: ARM Processor a) What is the number of bits in a general-purpose register (e.g., R1) of the ARM Cortex-M4 processor (CPU)? b) What is the number of bits in a memory address for the ARM processor architecture? c) What is the number of bits in an assembly instruction for the ARM Thumb-2 instruction set? d) Consider the memory map used with the TM4C123 microcontroller shown below. If the stack is in data memory, what is the initial address...
(i) Explain two advantages of writing the software (firmware) for a microcontroller in ‘C’ as oppose to using assembly. (ii) For the decimal number 77 determine the 8 bit binary value and the corresponding hexadecimal number. (iii) For the PIC16 family of microcontrollers how many bits wide is the Program Counter. Explain the purpose of the program counter (iv) If the PIC microcontroller is clocked by a 1MHz crystal, calculate the instruction clock (internal clock) frequency and hence how many...
A digital computer has a memory unit with 24 bits per word. The instruction set consists of 199 different operations. All instructions have an operation code part (opcode) and an address part (allowing for only one address). Each instruction is stored in one word of memory. [] How many bits are needed for the opcode? How many bits are left for the address part of the instruction? What is the maximum allowable size for memory? What is the largest signed...