18% NaOH by mass means 100 g solution contains 18 g of NaOH
Moles of NaOH (n1) = mass/molar mass = 18/40 = 0.45
Mass of H2O = 100 - 18 = 82 g = 0.082 Kg
Moles of H2O (n2) = 82/18.016 = 4.552
Total moles = 4.552 + 0.45 = 5
Molality of solution = 0.45 / 0.082 = 5.49 mol/Kg = 5.50 mol/Kg .....Answer
Mole fraction of NaOH = 0.45 / 5 = 0.09 .....Answer
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