Question

Please help with equations.
Report Sheet Part A-Solubility of Alcohols in Water Compound Ethanol Observations 1-Butanol هاواي ام عصاو- سعاالباحث مع 2-Butanol 2-Methyl-2-propanol more than 5 carbons Soluble - Clear soluble - Clear 1-Pentanol 1-Octanol الدوله - عاالمكحة Unknown insoluble two lagers "Summarize your observations on the solubility of alcohols. Part B-Reactivity of Alcohols Toward Sodium Compound Observations Methanol Ethanol 1-Propanol 2-Propanol 2-Methyl-2-propanol Unknown *Rank the reactivity of alcohols towards sodium.

Answer 1

of Alcohols so w e Les 1) Paul A - Solubility Ethanol Soluble - clion solution (ou to lt-berding) 2) 1-Butanol soluble cene solirtion. 3) 2-butanol - soluble - clem solution 4) e-Methyl-2 prostora) – Soluble in baby 15 1-pentano insoluble 16 - Octurnal Insoluble :: As alkyl chain worseases the soluklula of olcholiim weats diccasio Ponad :-B Rocietivity of Alcohols teixirds Sociera • Methanol - Methanol is very reactive towards Sodium metal, it! gives buthles - Ethanol - Ethernal is very reactive, it also gives bubbles - on reaction with Na slowly reaction I-bropanol → It react with No metal on heading reactivity. of trophy Wrohol is less taand metal 2-roberno! → It also react with No metel on heating gives. tew bubbles on reation 2-Methyl-2-properno) :- In this case de metal will just in the the text butul celcohol at RT. I. Alkyl groups have tI effect , As the no. of alkol group increases from so to 20 to 36 alcohols, the election density in O-H band increases and it become stronger bood soarelle chonacth decreases from 1o to a I

No metal is basic in natine, So, it will react with aud . So, as the audic Shength decrecies the reactivity toccards to mecel alo dorreases Acid Strength - 17 20 30 Strength of 0-H bond 10 < 20 <3° I effect 1200 330 So, Reactivity toodadd No metal 10 20 30 Because, 10 has weak o-H bond, and Ma will easily abstract the hydrogen and give o-

Date Page No. Post - Lucas Test |- Butono / :- 10 alcohols do not react appacciably with Zulas. reagent at room temp , am only layer form on. heating CH3-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-OH ancla the Orly droplet - Secondary alcohols reacts within 5-10 minutes. because 20 carboration is stable OH Zach the CH3 -CH₂-CH-CH3 - CH₂ - CH₂ CH CH₂ 2-Butanol cl 2-Methyl-2-propanol: Testiary alcohols reacks within seconds because 30 corporacion is most Steebly. OH zodh thaq F CH₂-C - CH₂ - CH₂ - C -CH₂ CH, CHZ

Lucas zeagent is a solution of ankomus Incly cio conc HO Solution This is used to distinguish b/w alcohols like 10/20/30 This is a substitution reaction (SN) win which cr repbco LOH group via the combocation. So, stablity of combocation. is the main criteria for this list Stablity of combocation is 30 291° so 30 will read rapidly with Lucces tests as compared to Secondary do and many enthther 1 CH₂ - CH₂ - CH₂ – OH (CH₂ - CH₂ - CH₂ - 2n in reaction - -1 very soli CH₂ - CH₂ - CH₂ CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-C) anstable ok 2 CH₂ - CH2 - CH CH ancha CH₂ - CH₂ - CH - CH2 Stable 20 cation 5min CH₂CH₂ CH CH₂ OH 3 CH3 -C-CH₃ anch, CH₂-E-CH2 sec (H₂-C- CH₂ нс CH₂ os cPly Stabll

"Part Di-Oxidation of Alcohols by Aciclic Na₂CO7 Sol - Butanol :- - CHÚCH, CH, CH, -OH + [6] – CH, CH, CH, -4 -4 Alcohol of o.A lif excess I en used 1 alcohol convent first to alderple and then aid он сна-сH, -сH, - Acid

0:4 we are using on Myt No, (X207 ein audited conditions. If oxidation occass, the coop²- ions Corange colour) will recherced to a green color solution (2 3t ions according to this equation CG07²- + 14H+ + 6e 2603+ + ²H₂O 2-Butanol NO2(8201 CH₂ - Chy-c CH₂ - CH₂-C -CH₃ HE Ketone alcohol go alcohol convert to Ketons. 3 - Methyl-2-Propanol H No 2(8207 HC-Ć - CH₂ No Rocection 3º_do nel read with Orange color of solution Sodium dichomel beauer absence of H. observed. Beactivity of alcohols towards 0:A

Post - Iodoform Test D I-Dopono CH₂-CH₂-CH OH II/ Neroh No Yellow bbt observed No reaction - Bertema! - CH2 - CH₂ - CH₂ - CH₂ Iz NagH ( CH Izt Iscleform OH CH₂ - CH₂ - CB Nat Yellow ppt observed B - brabanas - G+CH? Il No Oty CHIZ + CH₃ -Co Nort Indoform yelloc ppt observed ♡ 2-methylpropama. CH₃ 12/NOOH - CH₃ -C- CH₂ С.Н. - C = CH, OH No Iodoform form, No yellow pot observed 101 oxidation, alkene i formed

Secondary alcohol give the + Iodoform only Ethanol give the the test with the test test and 10 alcohol and 30 do not give Iocloform Test It is used to check_conbonyl group cohich having R-7 cty group So in Alcons Steb:-1 oxidation - CH₂ -CH -R + I2 - CH2 - 1 -R + 2HI OH Step-2 Halogenation CH₂ - R +31 - Iz ach -R + 3HI Step :-3 Hydrolysis CIz-C-R + NaOH CHI + R-C-ona Iodotom Yellow ppt. This is only possible with go alcohols , not with 10 830,