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Explain the bonding trends, including oxidation states, as you descend Group IV A. Mainly reference Pb...

Explain the bonding trends, including oxidation states, as you descend Group IV A. Mainly reference Pb & C, but also include other group IV A elements.

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As we go down the group metallic character increase . Carbon , Silicone generally form covalent bonding but as we move down tin ,lead show metallic bonding

Group IV A generally show +4 oxidation state as electronic configuration of group IV is ns2 np2 where n is from 2 for carbon and 3,4,5 6 for others respectively But as we go down group tendency to loose electron decreases because of inert pair effect .In this effect for heavier elements the electrons go closer to nucleus so it's difficult to remove so heavier elements like Pb show +2 oxidation state

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