4. Answer the following questions based on the electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction shown below. door a....
Nitration of phenols is a classic example of an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. a) Why does the nitration of phenol (hydroxybenzene) proceed only in the ortho- and para-positions on the ring? b) Draw the resonance structures that highlight the ortho- and para-directing nature of hydroxy substituents. Make sure to include the structures that showcase the movement of the charges in the ring.
2. Examine the following Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution reaction. 1) Provide the number of 13C NMR signals expected in both the reactant and the product. 2) Provide the carbocation intermediate that allowed the transformation to happen at that position. 3) This molecule is (ortho, meta, para) substituted (circle one). 4) Using resonance arrows show how that carbocation can be distributed (delocalized) to multiple locations on the arene ring system. 5) Predict a different structure that can form from this delocalization. FeBrg,...
250 ChemActivity 29 Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution no ChemActivity 29 Part A: Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution (What products are formed when a strong electrophile is added to benzene?) Model 1: (review) Electrophilic Addition of HCI Rani o g cyclohexene carbocation intermediate Run 2 U X benzene This product carbocation intermediate DOES NOT Critical Thinking Questions 1 For Rxn I (above) draw curved arrows showing the mechanism of electrophilic addition of HCl. Include an appropriate carbocation intermediate in the box above. Figure 1:...
QUESTIONS HO — а Hab The 'H-NMR of the product shows two doublets in the aromatic region (at ~7.8 ppm and 6.7 ppm with equal relative integration) H. and a very broad signal (the signal is almost flat from ~5.0 ppm to ~6.5 ppm and may actually extend into the doublet at ~ 6.7 ppm) which may indicate a "combination" of the amine and acid peaks. W h o o Hd The amine group can be considered to be electron...
1) Write a Reaction equation using 4- aminobenzenesulfulfonic acid (aniline derivative) and 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid (coupling agent). Write the mechanism. SYNTHESIS OF AZO DYES INTRODUCTION Humans' love of color dates back almost to prehistoric times, yet it is not actually until the modern era that the full range of the rainbow has been accessible to the majority of people irn their clothes and other textiles. Ancient or medieval times have often been described as being quite splendid with their "tyrian purple"...