Question

2. HUW Bu you interpret the "Mulation column in Table 17 3. Using the data presented in Table 1, calculate the totals and percentage of Class 1, Class II, Class Ill and Carcinoma specimens that are positive for Ras gene mutations and answer the following questions. Table 1. Ras gene Mutations (modified from Vogelstein et al (1988)) Gene Codon Mutation class I Adenomas class 11 Class III Carcinomas Adenomas Adenomas K-ra 2 K-KAR K-ras -Каа 0 K- K-ra GGT-GAT GLY-ASP GGT-AGT GLY-SER GGT-TGT GLY-CYS GGT-GCT GLY-ALA GGT-GTT GLY-VAL GGC-GẠC GLY-ASP CAA-CAC GLN-HIS GGT-TGT GLY-CYS GGT-GAT GLY-ASP GGT-CGT GLY-ARG CAA-CGA GLN-ARG K-ras 0 N-ras 0 N-ERS 0 oooo N-raz N-ras 0 35119 Total no. of tumors with mutation Tumors without mutation Percent of tumors with mutation According to Table 1, what class (es) of tumors has the highest frequencies of Ras mutations?

Answer 1

3.

Type of tumor/ totals	Class 1 Adenomas	Class 2 Adenomas	Class 3 Adenomas	Carcinomas
Total number of tumors with mutation*1	5	8	12	43
Total number of tumors without mutations*2	35	11	19	49
Total number of tumors	40	19	21	92
Percent of tumors with mutation	12.5%	42.10%	57.14%	46.73%

Note:

Step 1:Calculate the total number of tumors with mutation by adding up the numbers in each column.

Step 2: Add the number of tumors with and without mutation.

Step 3: Calculate the percentage for each class as follows

Percent of tumors with mutation= (Total number of tumors with mutation/ total number of tumors) X 100

Class 1 Adenomas Percent of tumor with mutation= (5/40)x 100 = 12.5%

Use the formula and calculate for the other classes.

4. According to the percentage of tumors with mutation Class 3 Adenomas has the highest frequency of Ras mutation which is 57.14 %.