Question

Jan is celebrating her 40th birthday with friends at local restaurant. Although she normally eats a very balanced and lean diet, she’s indulging on this momentous occasion with a prime rib dinner followed by a birthday cheese cake. Although the dinner was filling, there’s always room for cheesecake! A little while after eating, Jan is struck by painful burning sensation in her chest that she’s never experienced before. Concerned that she might be having a heart attack, one of her friends takes her to the ER where she learns that she’s experiencing gastrointestinal reflux.

Question 2: Describe a feedback loop, including hormones and nerve pathways, that is triggered by the fat content in Jan’s prime rib and cheesecake. How do these systems aid in fat digestion? Include in your answer data, facts, key terminology, specific examples and other information drawn from the textbook and at least one other supplemental source.

Answer 1

The brain and the endocrine system together control the digestive process.The brain controls the responses of hunger whereas the endocrine system controls the hormones and enzymes required for the digestion of food.

The digestive hormone secreted by the intestinal cells in the intestional mucosa of small intestine is called Cholecystokinin(CCK) which plays a major role in fat digestion.The Autonomous Nerve System (ANS) controls the tone of the digestive tract.The brain controls the muscles for intake and elimination .

Cephalic Phase: preparing the body for food Salivary amylase Digestive secretions Vagal Nerve Liver Gall bladder Bile duct Stomach Pyloric sphincter HCI Incretin Hormones CCK, GLP-1, GLP-2, GIP, PPY T Secretin + Acidic chyme Small intestine BELLY FAT EFFECTTM

The three overlaping phases of gastric control such as cephalic phase, gastric phase and intestinal phase requires many enzymes and these enzymatic action is under neural control as well.

Foods high in lipid takes more time to digest.A hormone known as gastric inhibitory peptide is secreted by the small intestine to slow down the peristaltic movements in the intestine so that fatty foods gets more time to be digested and absorbed.