Question

Helper T cell numbers are lowered in individuals with AIDS. Which of the following are functions of these helper T cells that may contribute to the symptoms from AIDS?

	a.	activation of neutrophils
	b.	activation of B cells to make antibodies
	c.	increased bone marrow production of lymphocytes
	d.	both activation of B cells to make antibodies and activation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes
	e.	activation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes

Which of the following is NOT part of the digestive system?

	a.	All of the answers are part of the digestive system.
	b.	kidneys
	c.	stomach
	d.	liver
	e.	pancreas

What is a gene?

	a.	a type of protein found within DNA
	b.	a segment of RNA that encodes several proteins
	c.	all the nucleotide sequences contained in one chromosome
	d.	a molecule that turns on DNA and starts the process of translation
	e.	a segment of DNA that encodes at least one protein

Answer 1

1. Ans. Option d. Both activation of b cells to make antibodies and activation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes.

Helper t cells is the most important cells in adaptive immunity as they are required for almost all adaptive immune responses and not only help activate B cells to secrete antibodies and macrophages to destroy ingested microbes but they also help activate cytotoxic t cells to kill infected target cells.T-cells secrete chemical messengers called cytokines which stimulate immune system cells to engulf foreign substances that enter the body.

2.Ans. option b. Kidneys

Kidney is located below the liver and it is the mahor organ for excretion.GI tract , mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and anus,liver, pancreas, and gallbladder are the organs of digestive system and small intestine has three parts duodenum,jejunum,ileum.

3. Ans. C.all the nucleotide sequence contained in one chromosome.

gene is a unit of heredity which is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring and Chromosome is made of very long strand of DNA and contains many genes.The genes  on each chromosome are arranged in a particular sequence and each gene has a particular location on the chromosome is called its locus.

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