Question

Reading Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 5 pH 4.5 I 7.5 Leukocytes Sample 4 6.0 Negative Negative Negative Positive Negative Sample 3 6.5 Negative Negative Negative 1.040 UG. Protein Negative Negative Positive Blood Specific gravity Positive 1.015 UG. Negative 1.005 UG. Positive 1.030 UG. 1.040 UG. Ketones Negative Negative Positive Negative Negative Glucose Negative Negative Positive Negative Positive The table above gives urinalysis results for 5 individuals. For each scenario that follows, determine the person's sample number and explain why you chose that sample. In your explanation, be sure to address all abnormal findings. 1 Mr. Higgs is admitted to the hospital with a fever, fatigue, and tachycardia. He has noticed his urine has been cloudy over the past few days. A urinalysis was performed. Which of the samples from the table above belongs to Mr. Higgs? Explain why you chose that sample. 2 Based on your knowledge of the nephron and its functions, which of the samples from the table above are normal? Explain why you chose that sample.

Answer 1

ANS 1 SAMPLE 2 BELONGS TO MR HIGGS . CLOUDY URINE IS SIGN OF URINARY TRACT INFECTION . IT COULD BE DUE TO BACTERIA, CRYSTALS, FAT AND WHITE OR RED BLOOD CELLS. SINCE IN SAMPLE 2 LEUKOCYTES PRESENCE IS SHOWN AND BLOOD IS ALSO THERE THAT MARKS THE REASON OF CLOUDY URINE.

ANS 2 SAMPLE 4 BELONGS TO NORMAL SAMPLE OF URINE. ANEPHRON IS SMALEEST UNIT OF KIDNEY. IT FUNCTIONS FOR ULTRAFILTRATION. IT IS USED TO SEPARATE WATER, IONS AND SMALL MOLECULE FROM BLODD AND FILTER OUT WASTES AND TOXINS AND RETURN TO BLOOD. SINCE SAMPLE 4 HAS NORMAL PH OF URINE THAT IS 6 AND SPECIFIC GRAVITY BETWEEN 1,002 TO 1,03. AND LEUKOCYTES, KETONES ,GLUCOSE ETC IS FOUND NEGATIVE THAT MEANS URINE IS NORMAL.

ANS 3 SAMPLE 3 BELONGS TO MR TESLA AS MR TESLA HAS CASE OF DIBETES MELLITUS AND POLYURIA I.E. DIBETES INSIDIPUS . IT IS THE CASE OF POORLY MANAGED DIBETES. IN THIS TYPE URINE PH GOES SLIGHTLY ACIDIC AND DUE TO POLYURIA PERSON UNDERGOES IN DEHYDRATION WHICH SHOWN BY SPECIFIC GRAVITY. DURING DEHYDRATION SPECIFIC GRAVITY LIES BETWEEN 1.04 TO 1.05. SINCE SAMPLE 3 HAS PH SLIGHTLY ACIDIC AND SPECIFIC GRAVITY AS WELL AS PRESENCE OF GLUCOSE CONFIRMS THE ANALYSIS.

ANS 4 DURING PRE CLAMSIA 24 HR URINE SAMPLE IS USED TO DIGNOSE DIFFERENT CONDITION IN PREGNANT WOMEN . IN CASE OF PRE CLAMSIA PROTEIN LEVEL GOES HIGH AND IT IS MARKED BY PRESENCE OF PROTEIN IN URINE. SINCE MS LOLA HAS GESTATIONAL DIBETES SO SAMPLE 5 BELONGS TO HER . AS IT HAS PRESENCE OF PROTEIN AND GLUCOSE IN URINE.