Question

please edit/rewrite

Insulin was described to tell your brain and your adipocytes (fat cells) opposite things. It tells our fat cells to store the glucose but tells our brain to burn it. There was a 364 lb male patient studied who happened to have a brain tumor that sat in the middle of his energy balance pathway. Even if the individual has excess leptin, it cannot reach the brain so his brain thought he was starving. To compensate, patient continuously over ate which led him to then become obese. He spoke about a possibility that insulin prevents the vagus nerve from being released which then tells your pancreas to release more insulin. This excess insulin drives that energy into fat and stores it in the rest of your body. They then performed an experiment where the patients were given a drug to suppress their insulin which resulted in weight loss at the time.

Answer 1

Insulin secretion reflects both the size of fat reserve and the current energy balance. Insulin acts on insulin receptors in the hypothalamus to inhibit eating. Insulin receptors in the orexigenic neurons of the arcuate nucleus inhibit the release of neuropeptide Y, and insulin receptors in the anorexigenic neurons stimulate alpha MSH (melanocyte stimulating hormone) production, thereby decreasing fuel intake and increasing thermogenesis. Insulin also signals muscle, liver, and adipose tissues to increase the conversion of glucose to Acetyl CoA, providing the starting material for fat synthesis. There was a 364 lb male patient studied who happened to have a brain tumor that sat in the middle of his energy balance pathway. Leptin is an adipokine that acts on receptors in the brain hypothalamus to curtail appetite. This man, though he had normal levels of leptin, it could not reach his brain. As a result, the person would behave like a completely starved individual. His plasma cortisol levels would be elevated, he would grow obese with unrestrained appetite. The leptin receptor is expressed primarily in regions of the brain known to regulate feeding behaviour- neurons of the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus. The patient was then administered a drug to suppress insulin which resulted weight loss in time.