Question

Name the two different types/classes of mutations. What are the possible outcomes of a point substitution mutation? What is meant by a "degenerate" or "redundant" genetic code? How might this protect against erroneous protein production? What are the two steps in protein synthesis. What type(s) of nucleic acid are involved in each step. Why is protein synthesis important? What is an enzyme and why is it important?

Answer 1

The two slepes are a) Transcription A pakiticulat segment of DNA es copied into RNA by enzyme RNA polymerase. Nucleic cecids involved are DNA segment (which is transcribed), huRNA (precursor of mRNA). b) Translation & It is the process of protein Bethesis from the Puformation contained in MANA. Nucleic acids Puvolved ake-s RNA (MRNA which o is translated TR NA → makes ribosome unit make ribosoma tRNA → transfert termino acids)

The two types of mutations are a) beene mutation » Include polut mutation Chappens In a few of a single nucleotide) or frameshift mutation ( nucleotide of nucleotides' che inserted or deleted). b) Chromosome mutations includes changes in the Structure or number of enitre chromosome. ② The three possible outcomes are a) Bode a) Silent mutation Altered.codon corresponds to the same amino acid. b) Middende mutation Altered codon Colledbonds to a different amino acid. c) Nondende mutation Altered codon corresponds to a stop signal. ③ It is the occurrence of one amino acid coded by more than one codon. It prokets by coding the same amino acid enen o in situation of polut mutation like ſu silent mutation.