Question

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Chapter 10 1. The discovery that ON scientists. Briefly describe the con --Hershey and Chase showed Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins X-ray crystanography -Hersh very that DNA is the genetic material was the result of work by mal Briefly describe the contributions made by the following pe i lu showed genetic material was likely raft amount of codes WOD = +0 the amount of guanine is = to the amant of trojmine and rt or cu son and Co Duanine woo * Describe the structure o the Secondary Structure Of ONA n the commonents of a nucleotide, no the complementary bases are found in the DNA molecules other, and where the complementary bases nents of a nucleotide, how they are joined to each 3. List the DNA complementary base for each of the following DNA nucleotides adenine cytosine guanine thymine 4. List the RNA complementary base for each of the following DNA nucleotides: adenine cytosine guanine thymine 5. Complementary DNA nucleotides are linked together by what type of chemical bond? Explain why this is so important to the function of DNA. 6. A. Name the process that coples DNA so that one parent strand of DNA becomes two strands of DNA. B. Is the process conservative or semi-conservative?

Answer 1

Answer 2

DNA - Deoxyribonucleic acid is composed of ribonucleotides. The ribonucleotides are the building blocks of DNA which contain a nitogenous base (pyrimidine or purine), a phosphate group and a ribose sugar. For a deoxyribonucleotide, the C1 atom contains the nitrogenous base, the C2 does not contain a -OH group (hence the name deoxy), the C3 atom has the OH group that makes a phosphodiester bond ultimately linked to the C5 atom of the next ribose sugar.  The DNA has two strands which are complementary to each other. The complementary base pairing can be found in the arrangement of nitrogenous bases.

Answer 3

The complementary base pairing is with respect to purines and pyrimidines. Adenine and Guanine are purines whereas Thymine and Cytosine are pyrimidines in DNA.

Adenine -> Thymine
Cytosine -> Guanine
Guanine -> Cytosine
Thymine -> Adenine

Answer 4

The complementary base pairing is with respect to purines and pyrimidines. Adenine and Guanine are purines whereas Thymine and Cytosine are pyrimidines in DNA. In case of RNA, Thymine doesnot exixst, instead, Uracil takes the place for Thymine.

Adenine -> Uracil
Cytosine -> Guanine
Guanine -> Cytosine
Thymine -> Adenine

Answer 5

The complementary DNA nucleotides are linked with hydrogen bonds. These hydrogen bonds actually determine the stability of the DNA molecule as a whole. The Guanine and Cytosine bases are lined with tripple hydrogen bonds whereas the Adenine and Thymine bases are linked with double hydrogen bonds. More the hydrogen bonds present, more is the stability. Thus GC rich sequences are more stable than AT rich sequences. This largely determines the several metabolisms going on inside the organism and also how the organism responds to stress and other situations.

Answer 6

DNA is copied by the process of DNA replication.

It is a semi-conservative process where each strand of one DNA molecule gives rise to two new complementary strands, ultimately resulting into 2 DNA molecules as a whole.