Homework Answers
ATP synthase catalyzes the synthesis of ATP from ADP and phosphate. ATP is synthesis happens when protons flow back to the mitochondrial matrix through an enzyme complex. Some oxydative phosphorylation inhibitors can inhibit succinate-cytochrome c reductase in the electron transfer chain to block NADH oxidation and ATP synthesis. Bacteriorhodopsin acts as a proton pump. It captures light energy and uses it to move protons across the membrane out of the cells which is responsible to cause proton gradient across the cell and responsible to produce ATP. Without those proteins, ATP synthesis is not possible and cell will not survive.
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of light (Figure 13). When they added oxidative phosphorylation inhibitors, no ATP was formed. No ATP...
Inhibitors of Oxidative Phosphorylation The following chemicals inhibit oxidative phosphorylation: Cyanide: Cyanide is a naturally occurring...
Inhibitors of Oxidative Phosphorylation The following chemicals inhibit oxidative phosphorylation: Cyanide: Cyanide is a naturally occurring compound that binds to protein complex IV of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and prevents transfer of electrons from the protein. Metformin: At the cellular level, chemically synthesized metformin, a drug commonly prescribed for Type 2 diabetes, inhibits mitochondrial respiration by blocking complex I. Dinitrophenol: Dinitrophenol is a metabolic poison that can be sold legally as a pesticide. Although it is lethal to humans,...
Inhibitors of Oxidative Phosphorylation The following chemicals inhibit oxidative phosphorylation: Cyanide: Cyanide is a naturally occurring...
Inhibitors of Oxidative Phosphorylation The following chemicals inhibit oxidative phosphorylation: Cyanide: Cyanide is a naturally occurring compound that binds to protein complex IV of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and prevents transfer of electrons from the protein. Metformin: At the cellular level, chemically synthesized metformin, a drug commonly prescribed for Type 2 diabetes, inhibits mitochondrial respiration by blocking complex I. Dinitrophenol: Dinitrophenol is a metabolic poison that can be sold legally as a pesticide. Although it is lethal to humans,...
Oxidative Phosphorylation Consider a reconstituted membrane system that mimics the structure of intact mitochondria in that...
Oxidative Phosphorylation Consider a reconstituted membrane system that mimics the structure of intact mitochondria in that the matrix and intermembrane space are completely intact. These membranes are formed with only Complex IV and Complex V (ATP synthase) and these components are in their normal orientation within the membrane. Electrons are provided into the system via soluble reduced Cytochrome C and O2 is used as an electron acceptor a. Would ATP Synthesis Occur? Explain. b. If only ATP synthase is inhibited,...
What process uses ATP to create glucose? O ATP synthase electron transport chain O gluconeogenesis O...
What process uses ATP to create glucose? O ATP synthase electron transport chain O gluconeogenesis O citric acid cycle Question 11 (2 points) What would expect to happen in mitochondria that have fewer cristae Increased proton motive force Decreased oxygen usage increased ATP to ADP conversion O No change in mitocondrial funciton Question 12 (2 points) What is one example of when energy molecules/electron carriers are produced during the citric acid cycle? O conversion of succinate to fumarate O addition...
YOU MUST ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS ON YOUR OWN PRIOR TO CLASS REVIEW! 1. Label the...
YOU MUST ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS ON YOUR OWN PRIOR TO CLASS REVIEW! 1. Label the path of electrons through the light reactions of photosynthesis using the illustration below. A. Include PSII and PSI and label all the complexes involved i. Which complex pushes H* across the membrane? ii. Where do these electrons end up? iii. What is the purpose of splitting H2O? iv. Where do the light reactions take place? 2H2D Ot ENR NAOD ADP photolyetemi photosyetemi wlochtone be-...
why was it necessary to isolate mitochondria to study and also use engineered vesicles that either...
why was it necessary to
isolate mitochondria to study and also use engineered vesicles that
either did or did not contain atp synthetase?
by the first ATP s r aasing the enzyme to function as an ATPase and result in ATP ATP synthase would likely drive the ATP synh reverse direction, s Original Paper The oniginal experiments on pli and ATP formation were donc on chloroplasts The chemiosmotic generation of ATP is simila to mitochondria, but occurs across tihe thylašoid...
The inner membrane divides the mitochondrion into two internal compartments. The first compartment is the and...
The inner membrane divides the mitochondrion into two internal compartments. The first compartment is the and outer membranes. The inner membrane encloses the mitochondrial mitochondrial DNA, ribosomes, and enzymes. Some of the metabolic steps of cellular respiration are catalyzed by enzymes in the matrix. Other proteins that function in respiration, including the enzyme that makes ATP, are built into the inner membrane. The highly folded cristae present a region between the inner space, a narrow a fluid-filled space with surface...
1. According to the paper, what does lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) do and what does it allow...
1. According to the paper, what does lactate dehydrogenase
(LDH) do and what does it allow to happen within the myofiber? (5
points)
2. According to the paper, what is the major disadvantage of
relying on glycolysis during high-intensity exercise? (5
points)
3. Using Figure 1 in the paper, briefly describe the different
sources of ATP production at 50% versus 90% AND explain whether you
believe this depiction of ATP production applies to a Type IIX
myofiber in a human....
Inhibitors of Oxidative Phosphorylation The following chemicals inhibit oxidative phosphorylation: Cyanide: Cyanide is a naturally occurring compound that binds to protein complex IV of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and prevents transfer of electrons from the protein. Metformin: At the cellular level, chemically synthesized metformin, a drug commonly prescribed for Type 2 diabetes, inhibits mitochondrial respiration by blocking complex I. Dinitrophenol: Dinitrophenol is a metabolic poison that can be sold legally as a pesticide. Although it is lethal to humans,...
Inhibitors of Oxidative Phosphorylation The following chemicals inhibit oxidative phosphorylation: Cyanide: Cyanide is a naturally occurring compound that binds to protein complex IV of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and prevents transfer of electrons from the protein. Metformin: At the cellular level, chemically synthesized metformin, a drug commonly prescribed for Type 2 diabetes, inhibits mitochondrial respiration by blocking complex I. Dinitrophenol: Dinitrophenol is a metabolic poison that can be sold legally as a pesticide. Although it is lethal to humans,...
What process uses ATP to create glucose? O ATP synthase electron transport chain O gluconeogenesis O citric acid cycle Question 11 (2 points) What would expect to happen in mitochondria that have fewer cristae Increased proton motive force Decreased oxygen usage increased ATP to ADP conversion O No change in mitocondrial funciton Question 12 (2 points) What is one example of when energy molecules/electron carriers are produced during the citric acid cycle? O conversion of succinate to fumarate O addition...
YOU MUST ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS ON YOUR OWN PRIOR TO CLASS REVIEW! 1. Label the path of electrons through the light reactions of photosynthesis using the illustration below. A. Include PSII and PSI and label all the complexes involved i. Which complex pushes H* across the membrane? ii. Where do these electrons end up? iii. What is the purpose of splitting H2O? iv. Where do the light reactions take place? 2H2D Ot ENR NAOD ADP photolyetemi photosyetemi wlochtone be-...
why was it necessary to
isolate mitochondria to study and also use engineered vesicles that
either did or did not contain atp synthetase?
by the first ATP s r aasing the enzyme to function as an ATPase and result in ATP ATP synthase would likely drive the ATP synh reverse direction, s Original Paper The oniginal experiments on pli and ATP formation were donc on chloroplasts The chemiosmotic generation of ATP is simila to mitochondria, but occurs across tihe thylašoid...
The inner membrane divides the mitochondrion into two internal compartments. The first compartment is the and outer membranes. The inner membrane encloses the mitochondrial mitochondrial DNA, ribosomes, and enzymes. Some of the metabolic steps of cellular respiration are catalyzed by enzymes in the matrix. Other proteins that function in respiration, including the enzyme that makes ATP, are built into the inner membrane. The highly folded cristae present a region between the inner space, a narrow a fluid-filled space with surface...
1. According to the paper, what does lactate dehydrogenase
(LDH) do and what does it allow to happen within the myofiber? (5
points)
2. According to the paper, what is the major disadvantage of
relying on glycolysis during high-intensity exercise? (5
points)
3. Using Figure 1 in the paper, briefly describe the different
sources of ATP production at 50% versus 90% AND explain whether you
believe this depiction of ATP production applies to a Type IIX
myofiber in a human....
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