Question

1108L-Principles of Biology II Dr. Elissa T. Purnell Endocrine and Reproductive Systems and Development Lab Due: March 10, 2020 - 28 points Name Morgan green Date 1. What field that studies glands such as the thyroid and adrenals? 2. What name is given to the chemicals released by endocrine structures? 3. Where are the substances from endocrine glands released? For Instructor's Use ONLY Grade 4. What must be present on the target cell in order for a hormone to have an effect? 5. Use Figure 41.6 (p. 858 in the electronic text) to fill in the table below. Give one (1) hormone produced by the gland and its action. Name of Endocrine gland ONE (1) Hormone produced Action of hormone Hypothalamus Pituitary Pineal Thymus Thyroid Pancreas Adrenal Ovary Testis

Answer 1

Question 1: Endocrinology

Study of endocrine glands is known as endocrinology.

Endocrine glands are ductless glands. These releases hormones directly into the blood.

Question 2:

Hormone is the chemical released by endocrine glands.

Question 3:

Endocrine gland releases hormones directly into the blood stream from there it is delivered to target tissue.

Question 4:

A protein receptor is present on the target cells which recognizes the specific hormone and binds with it.

After binding to the receptor hormone gets activated.

Name of Endocrine gland	One hormone produced	Action of hormone
Hypothalamus	Somatostatin	Inhibits the secretion of pancreatic hormone ( Insulin and glucagon)
Pituitory Anterior pituitory Posterior pituitory	Anterior pituitary: Growth hormone Posterior pituitary: Oxytocin	Growth hormone regulates growth, metabolism and body composition Oxytocin stimulates uterine contraction during labor and milk secretion during feeding
Pineal	Melatonin	Regulates the sleep cycle ( Circadian rhythm)
Thymus	Thymosin	Stimulates the production of T cells. T cells plays an important role in immune system.
Thyroid	Thyroxine	Regulates the metabolic rate, regulates the heart and digestive function
Pancreas	Insulin	It helps control blood glucose level by signalling the muscle and fat to take in glucose.
Adrenal	Mineralocorticoids (Aldosterone)	Maintains body salt and water levels, which, in turn regulates blood pressure
Ovary	Estrogen	Development of female secondary s*xual characteristics
Testis	Testosterone	Development of male secondary s*xual characteristics

Testosterone: It is a male s*x hormone. It is an anabolic steroid by nature which helps in building body muscles. In males it plays an important role in the development of male reproductive tissues; testes and prostrate. It also promotes secondary sexual characteristics like increasing the mass of muscles and bones, growth of body hair etc.

Estrogen: It is a female sex hormone released by the ovaries. It is responsible for the reproduction, menstruation and menopause.