Question

A common feature of DNA repair mechanisms is that the lesion (mutated base, adduct, etc) is...

A common feature of DNA repair mechanisms is that the lesion (mutated base, adduct, etc) is removed including the sugar phosphate backbone.

Give 2 examples of repair mechanism that do that

Why is this a common theme? Ie, why does it make sense that all repair mechanisms reach this same point.

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Answer #1

Dna repair by BER (base excision repair )in which the damaged part is cut and removed is an importance method so as to prevent the passage of mutations in the next generation.

It starts with an enzyme known as DNA glycosylase which binds to the damaged site of DNA and catalyses the hydrolysis .This creates a susceptible site for attack by endonuclease which then removes the damaged fragment ,filling of gap occurs by certain nucleotides addition .DNA ligase then joins the remaining fragment.

This kind of repair mechanism was commonly seen in ecoli for removal of oxidised and damaged bases ,this is a relatively easy and very effective way to repair damaged DNA,hence very commonly preferred .

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