Question

S. What is articular cartilage? What is it made ol? What is its function 6. Why is cartilare hard to heal? 7 What is periarum? What is it composed off (Name the two layers and their components). What is for the fertions of criosteum Describe the blood supply of the periosteum 8. What are Sharpey s t rictures are found in around the diaphysis? What is are their function(sy? 9. Describe the diaphysis. What strictures 10. What is the most abundant mineral salt in ECM of bone? main mineral salts that combine to create bone matrix? 11. What are the two man e wstals What other substances (minerals) do the mineral salts combine with to lead to calcification? 12. What forms hydroxyapatite crystals? What other substances (minerals 13. It is the combination of _which gives bone its characteristics. Hardness of bone is due to Flexibility of bone depends on .. which gives it tensile strength. 14. Whistensile strength"? stures of bone cells. Make a chart that helps you distinguish each know what they are where they we found and how they function. Also,

Answer 1

Ans)

5 Articular cartilage is specialised connective tissue present at the ends of bones in a joint or say at bony surfaces that articulate, it is composed of hyaline cartilage and is avascular . It acts as a shock absorber and helps lower friction or creates a smooth surface for lubricated joint movement and distributes load to subchondral bone below it.

6. Cartilage are hard to heal and take time because they have slower metabolism, say slower turn over rate , cartilage is avascular and lacks blood supply which plays an important role in repair of wounds.so cartilage is always lacking in nutrition compared to other tissues.

7. Periosteum is the outer covering of bone or a specialised connective tissue that forms a dense fibrous layer present over all bones. It has two layers the outer fibrous layer fo training fibroblast cells and inner cambiun layer containing osteogenic precursor cells. The fibrous layer Contain the blood supply and lymphatic while inner layer has potential for repair.

Functions of periosteum -

It is a outer protective covering of bones.

Outer fibrous layer allows blood supply and provides nutrition and inner cambiun layer contains osteocytes for bone growth and repair.

The blood supply is present in the outer fibrous layer from where it penetrates to tissues through the perpendicular volksmans canal. The periosteal arteries is a low pressure system which branches out in the periosteum and enter the perpendicular volksmans canal and supply one third of the bony cortex.

8. Sharpeys fibres are are bundles of collagenous fibres in the connective tissue that attach a ligament to overlying periosteum and penetrate the bone lamellae.

These fibres are poorly mineralised and is made up of type 1collagen and binds the periosteum tightly.

In teeth sharpeys fibres are the terminal portions of principle fibres that embedd from the cementum to the bone.

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