Question

17) All fungi share which of the following characteristic? A) heterotrophic B) symbiotic C) flagellated D) pathogenic E) act as decomposers 18) Chemicals, secreted by soil fungi that inhibit the growth of bacteria are known as A) antibodies B) aflatoxins. C) antigens D) antibiotics E) hallucinogens. 19) Which of these paired fungal structures are structurally and functionally most alike? A) sporangia and hyphae B) haustoria and arbuscules zoospores and mycelia D) conidia and basidiocarpa E) sorodia and gills 20) The members of which clade in the phylum Cnidaria occur only as polyps? A) Hydrozoa B) Anthozoa C) Scyphozoa D) Cubozoa

Answer 1

17) All fungi share which of the following characteristic?
a)heterotrophic
b)symbiotic
c)flagellated
d)pathogenic
e)act as decomposers

Answer: a)heterotrophic.

# Fungi are heterotrophic - they obtain their organic material from external sources, their environment. They dont have chlorophyll; they are not green in color.

# Many fungi are involved in symbiotic relationships. Some fungi are parasites. so its a wrong answer.

#Most members of the kingdom Fungi lack flagella, so it a wrong answer.

#all the fungi are not pathogenic, only some are pathogenic, so its a wrong answer

#Most fungi are decomposers called saprotrophs but not all, so this is also wrong answer.

18)chemicals , secreted by soil fungi, that inhibit the growth of bacteria are known as
a)antibodies
b)aflatoxins
c)antigens
d)antibiotics
e)hallucinogens
Answer: d)antibiotics

Antibiotics are  produced in nature by soil bacteria and fungi. The main important example for antibiotics secreted by soil fungi is  Penicillins and cephalosporins .

#Aflatoxins are a family of toxins produced by certain fungi that are found on agricultural crops such as maize (corn), peanuts, cottonseed, and tree nuts.

#Hallucinogens are a diverse group of drugs that alter a person's awareness of their surroundings as well as their own thoughts and feelings.

# Antigen is substance that is capable of stimulating an immune response

19)which of these paired fungal structure are structurally and functionally most alike?
a)sporangla and hyphae
b)haustoria and arbuscules
c)zoospores and mycelia
d)conidia and blasidocarps
e)soredia and gills

Answer: b)haustoria and arbuscules

Arbuscules are intricately branched haustoria that formed within a root cortex cell. ... They grow inside individual cells of the root cortex, but remain outside their cytoplasm, due to invagination of the plasma membrane.

# zoospores is a spore of certain algae, fungi, and protozoans, capable of swimming by means of a flagellum. A zoospore is a motile asexual spore that uses a flagellum for locomotion. Mycelium is the vegetative part of a fungus or fungus-like bacterial colony, consisting of a mass of branching, thread-like hyphae., so its a wrong answer.

#The soredia are packets of algal cells, which are entwined with fungal hyphae.  gill, is a papery hymenophore rib under the cap of some mushroom species, most often but not always agarics., so this is also a wrong answer.

#conidia a spore produced asexually by various fungi at the tip of a specialized hypha. Basidiocarp, is also called basidioma, in fungi, a large sporophore, or fruiting body, in which sexually produced spores are formed on the surface of club-shaped structures , so this is also the wrong answer.

20) The members of which clade in the phylum cridaria occur only as polyps?
a)Hydrozoa
b)Anthozoa
c)Scyphozoa
d)Cubozoa
answer: b)Anthozoa

A polyp in zoology is one of two forms found in the phylum Cnidaria, the other being the medusa. Polyps are roughly cylindrical in shape and elongated at the axis of the vase-shaped body.

Members of one class of cnidarians, the Anthozoa, exhibit only the polyp body form;

# Hydrozoa is wrong answer because,  Hydrozoa are a taxonomic class of individually very small, predatory animals, some solitary and some colonial, most living in salt water.

# The Scyphozoa are an exclusively marine class of the phylum Cnidaria, referred to as the true jellyfish., so this is also wrong answer.

#Cubozoans are voracious predators.

Answer 2

A- Heterotrophic