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Many interventions, protocols, and prevention methods are used to maintain or improve overall human health. The aim of some is to improve quality of life, while others specifically reduce, remove, or eradicate microbial pathogens which would otherwise cause disease.
Many such processes may also result in, or cause, unintended consequences to humans, pathogens, and/or the environment that were not predicted. The most well-known example is that of the rise of multiple antibiotic-resistant bacteria following the use (and overuse) of antibiotics.
Each of the papers in this discussion provides an example of interventions originally intended to improve health and prevent disease. The first paper by Alharbi et al concerns restroom electric hand dryers. The second by Nettleton et al discusses artificial sweeteners and their impact on the gut bacteria. The third is a review of the latest findings that trehalose, an artificial sweetener, may have contributed to the current disease epidemic of Clostridium difficile. Finally, McNamara and Levy discuss the current status of triclosan which was first introduced in the 1970s. A background paper which defines and reviews the Hygiene Hypothesis, by Roduit et al, is also provided.
DISCUSSION PROMPTS
Restroom electric hand dryers is the alternative of paper towels. There is a reduction in litter and waste as compared to paper towels, which cannot be recycle, so hand dryer considered environment friendly. Artificial sweeteners provide low calorie, low sugar content useful for diabetic patients. Trehalose, an artificial sweetener used as source of energy, provide protection against extreme conditions, used as skin cosmetics and as drugs. Triclosan is additive thing used in toothpaste for its antibacterial and antifungal activity.
The unintended consequences are as follows:- the electric hand dryers are sucking bacteria from the air & dump it on our washed fresh hands. Artificial sweeteners even on a small concentration possess toxic effects on the gut bacteria, as a result of which the good bacteria residing in the gut helping in digestion cannot able to survive in that toxicity. Trehalose might have stimulated the current disease epidemic of Clostridium difficile which cause severe gut infection. Use of triclosan may results to endocrine problems, allergy & certain cardiovascular diseases.
The only remedy might be to maintain a good proper hygiene and to be aware of any products that we are using or to be used as an heath related concern.
The hygiene hypothesis deals with the precautionary measures or remediation for the above cases mentioned.
Hello, would you please help me how to answer these questions? thank you! Many interventions, protocols,...
Hello, would please help me how to answer the questions for this discussion ? thank you! The instabilities in Africa, the Middle East, and Latin America have triggered an unprecedented migratory flow throughout the world. Recent national and international border management measures are affecting migration patterns and posing different challenges to the health systems response to large influxes of refugees and migrants to both the United States and European Union Member States. Countries have had to respond to massive influxes...