Question 8: In another protein-coding gene, you observe 20 fixed nonsynonymous substitutions and 10 fixed synonymous...
Question 8: In another protein-coding gene, you observe 20 fixed nonsynonymous substitutions and 10 fixed synonymous substitutions between humans and mice. Also, you observe 8 nonsynonymous variants and 5 synonymous variants in this gene within human populations. Is this gene under positive selection? Why? (2 points)
Homework Answers
The ratio of non synonymous substitutions to synonymous substitutions i,e dN/dS gives information about the evolutionary forces operating on a gene. It is denoted by omega. Positive selection promotes non synonymous substitutions, so if value of omega is more than 1, then the genes are said to be under positive selection.
The synonymous substitutions are under purifying or neutral selection and are deleterious for the population.
In the above question, there are 20 non synonymous and 10 substitutions. S
dN/dS = 2
So omega value is more than 1.
Similarly the ratio of non synonymous to synonymous variants is 1.6. ( 8/5= 1.6)
As both values are more than 1, so genes are under positive selection presure.
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