Question

2) You have identified a new clade of bacteria in marine samples and you want to identify and enumerate this specific taxon. Explain in clear methodological detail the method you would choose to do this and how this method works.

3) You think you have nitrogen fixers in an anaerobic part of your Winogradsky column. You cap the column with ¹⁵N₂ gas (a non-radioactive N isotope) and want to identify the active N₂ fixers in this region of the column both metabolically and molecularly. Describe in detail the approach you would take to identify the active nitrogen fixers

4) You have been hired as a consulting microbiologist to help a wildlife ecologist understand the microbial diversity in soil samples from different habitats. If you had DNA samples from 3 habitats, explain the steps (from sample to data analysis), the gene-based approach you would use to do this work and the steps you would use to determine if the microbial communities in the samples were taxonomically similar or different

Answer 1

2)new bacteria from marine samples can be enumerated by the following diagonis

1. Microscopic examination based on appearance
2. Classification of bacteria  that share similar morphologic, physiologic and genetic traits into specific groups or taxa.
3. Nomenclature, the naming of microorganisms according to established rules and guidelines provide the accepted labels by which bacteria  are universally recognized.
4. Isolation and culture the  bacteria by growning on artificial media or cell lines Because to know whether any microbial disease is causing and to study the clinical and biological features of emerging bacterial diseases.
5. polymerase chain reaction (PCR) Will be used ie., using molecular tool for reputation of sequence and comparing for similarities of sequence
6. Gram stain will be used to find out whether it's positive or negative bacteria stain
7. Enzymes test as well as phenotype based test will be conducted
8. DNA hybridization