Question

• Ο Α Υ ν Α Α Α Α Clipboard Font Voice Sensitivit blood vessels from forming. All of these actions aid in destroying cancer cells. 4. a. You purified a peptide having molecular weight 2000D. How do you raise the polyclonal antibody against this peptide? b. Why does the polyclonal antibody characterize as heterogeneous? 4. How do you test herpes simplex virus biochemically? 5. Name the type of cells which are the primary targets of HIV infection. 6. Does macrophage contain Fab receptor? 7. Is myosin a fibrous protein or a globular protein? 8. Give the approximate molecular masses of an IgG molecular analyzed by (a) gel filtration chromatography, (b) SDS-PAGE under non-reducing conditions, (C) SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions. 9. Why do antibodies raised against a native protein sometimes fail to bind to the corresponding denatured protein?

I am having trouble with both number 4 questions and number 8.

Answer 1

Question 4a:

Answer: Polyclonal antibodies represents a collection of immunoglobin molecules that are produced by different B-cell lineages in response to an antigen. They bind to different epitope on a specific antigen. Polyclonal antibodies are raised by injecting the peptide or antigen in to an animal that elicit a immune response in the animal. This process is called as immunization. Animal body recognizes the peptide or antigen as foreign substance and activate the B-cells to produce polyclonal antibodies that specific for the antigen. If the antigen fails to raise an immune response, adjuvants are given along with the antigen to elicit the immune response. Primary, secondary and tertiary immunization are given at specific intervals to raise the antibody titer in the blood.

Question 4b:

Answer: Polyclonal antibodies are heterogenous because they are produced by different B-cell lineages and can bind to different epitopes on a single antigen.

Question 4

Answer: Herpes simplex virus is tested biochemically using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In ELISA, virus antigens are detected by specific antibodies that are labelled with an enzyme. After binding, substrate for the enzyme is added that produce a signal if there is an antibody - antigen complex.

Question 5

Answer: Human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) infect humans and cause acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). They mainly infect immune cells such as macrophages, CD4+ T-cells and dendritic cells.