Question

Question 5. Fill the blank: 1. Ketone bodies can substitute partially for energy as ........in the blood. 2- Acetyl-Co A in the citric cycle is similar to..........in the urea cycle. 3- Write the name of the amino acid that is used to produce glucose? 4- ..............is the numbers of the nitrogen atoms in urea. 5- Pyruvate is reduced in anerobic conditions to produce.... ...., and its molecular formula is...... 6- ...........is the conjugate base of pyruvic acid., and its molecular formula is......... 7- Glycogenic amino acids are converted into .........via transamination process.

Answer 1

1). ketone bodies can substitute partially for energy as they are converted into acetyl-CoA in the blood. Explanation: Ketone bodies are transported from the liver to other tissues, where acetoacetate and B-hydroxybutyrate can be reconverted to acetyl-CoA to produce reducing equivalents (NADH and FADH2), via the citric acid cycle. 2). acetyl CoA in the citric acid cycle is similar to oxaloacetate in the urea cycle. Explanation: The urea cycle is closely linked to the citric acid cycle deriving one of its nitrogens through transamination of oxalacetate to form aspartate and returns fumarate to that cycle. 3). A glucogenic amino acid (such as Alanine, Asparagine, Glutamine, Glycine, etc) is an amino acid that can be converted into glucose through gluconeogenesis. 4). CH_N20 (urea) number of nitrogen is 2. 5). pyruvate reduced in an anaerobic condition to produce ethanol and carbon dioxide, and its molecular formula is C3H403. 6). Pyruvate is the conjugate base of pyruvic acid and its molecular formula is CH3COCOOH. 7). Glycogenic amino acids are converted into pyruvate or TCA intermediates via transamination process.